T he Quality of Service Metrics (QoSM) Committee of the Alliance for Telecommuni-cation Industry Standards (ATIS) Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) In teroperability Forum (IIF) is tasked with defining how objective quality metrics can provide meaningful IPTV performance measures. This group has reviewed current objective quality models as well as the processes by which such models are valida...

The INTEGRATION model first attempted to provide a single model that could consider both freeways and arterials, and which also could consider both traffic assignment and simulation. This ability was intended to bridge the gap between the scope of network on which planning models could be applied and the level of resolution that operational tools needed to provide. Since this time, the model ha...

One of the impediments to the implementation of ITS is the lack of map database interoperability. Centreline databases are available from a number of sources, but few were designed specifically for ITS. Consequently there are a variety of problems — coordinate inaccuracy, errors of omission and commission, missing or wrong street names, incorrect topology — that are compounded when communicatin...

Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) and Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) have the potential to contribute to the solution of the traffic congestion problem. However, for these systems to be effective, the generated strategies should be proactive (i.e. based on predicted traffic conditions) as opposed to reactive, in order to avoid many undesirable effects such as overreaction...

Recurrent Neural Network Language Models (RNN-LMs) have recently shown exceptional performance across a variety of applications. In this paper, we modify the architecture to perform Language Understanding, and advance the state-of-the-art for the widely used ATIS dataset. The core of our approach is to take words as input as in a standard RNN-LM, and then to predict slot labels rather than word...

Television (TV) stations broadcast in the very high frequency (VHF; 30-300 MHz) and ultra high frequency (UHF; 300-900 MHz) bands. Opposite to the small cell philosophy popularized by modern wireless telephone service, free-to-air TV broadcast is historically driven by the need to extend the area of coverage, as doing so will garner a larger audience. So, commercial TV transmissions utilize tal...

We have analyzed three factors affecting user satisfaction and system performance using an SLS implemented in the ATIS domain. We have found that: (I) trade-offs between speed and accuracy have different implications for user satisfaction; (2) recognition performance improves over time, at least in part because of a reduction in sentence perplexity; and (3) hyperarticulation increases recogniti...

Two Sessions were devoted to introducing the DARPA SLS Common Task: the Air Travel Information System (ATIS). The first of these (in the late afternoon) provided an overview of the ATIS task and presented a summary of results reported to NIST in the first of a projected series of ATIS benchmark tests, while the second (immediately after dinner) served to describe different approaches in impleme...

Speech understanding can be viewed as a problem of translating input natural language of speech recognition results into output semantic language. This paper describes automatic acquisition of a language model for translating natural language into semantic language from a text corpus using a stochastic method. The method estimates co-occurrence probabilities of input and output grammar rules as...

Decisions about implementing Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) should be based on the individual and social benefits expected from such technologies, which will be strongly dependent on the ways travelers respond to these new information sources. This paper explores the behavioral issues important to understanding traveler reactions to ATIS; it discusses evaluation strategies, includ...