1. introduction as strongly accepted among climatologists, climate change is a result of human activities. there is disagreement about how to define climate change, because of tremendous difference of climate changes in scale, intensity and occurrence time in various regions. recently there have been several observation analyses involving daily and extreme daily temperature trend and variabilit...

Abstract The transmission spectra of exoplanet atmospheres observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in near-infrared range (1.1–1.65 ? m) frequently show evidence for some combination clouds and hazes. Identification systematic trends hazes is potentially important understanding atmospheric composition temperature structure. Here we report on analysis spectral modulation using a large, un...

The aim of this work is to study the variability winter (monthly mean DJF) air temperatures in Saudi Arabia. coefficient variation (CV) temperature time series shows that CV a function latitude, decreasing generally gradually from north south. highest values during season are mainly because migrating extratropical cyclones (Mediterranean cyclones) west east, and active subtropical jet, as well ...

The identification and estimation of trends in hydroclimatic time series remains an important task applied climate research. statistical challenge arises from the inherent nonlinearity, complex dependence structure, heterogeneity resulting non-standard distributions underlying series. Quantile regressions are considered modeling technique for such analyses because their rich interpretation broa...