BACKGROUND Implantation failure is one of the most important factors limiting success in IVF treatment. The majority of trials have demonstrated favorable effect of endometrial injury on implantation success rate especially in women with recurrent implantation failure, while some studies failed to detect any benefit. OBJECTIVE The purpose of our trial was to explore whether endometrial injury...

The impact of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) on cryopreserved zygotes and embryos was evaluated by comparing embryo survival and implantation between embryos derived from ICSI and those derived from standard insemination procedures. The study included patients whose excess zygotes and embryos were cryopreserved between September 1993 and December 1994 and who subsequently underwent a f...

OBJECTIVE To report the outcomes of more than 100 cycles of preimplantation genetic diagnosis for monogenetic diseases. DESIGN Case series. SETTING Tertiary assisted reproductive centre in Hong Kong, where patients needed to pay for the cost of preimplantation genetic diagnosis on top of standard in-vitro fertilisation charges. PATIENTS Patients undergoing preimplantation genetic diagnosi...

BACKGROUND Natural endometrium in Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer (FET) may have some benefits upon implantation in patients with Repeated Implantation Failure (RIF). It might be due to possible differences between natural and stimulated endometrial growth factors and cytokins secretions. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the pregnancy rate of FET on modified natural cycle ve...

BACKGROUND The two main complications associated with the use of assisted reproduction techniques, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and multiple pregnancies, could be eliminated by milder ovarian stimulation protocols and the increased use of a single embryo transfer (SET) policy. A retrospective, cohort study was performed in private infertility centre to evaluate the embryological and clinic...

BACKGROUND The availability of an efficient cryopreservation program is especially important in the case of embryos that have undergone blastomere biopsy for PGD. Unfortunately, the freezing/thawing of biopsied embryos has given disappointing results when performed at the cleavage stage. In this study, embryos diagnosed as normal after PGD were grown to the blastocyst stage, frozen and thawed f...

Case A 39-year-old woman presented with a genital hemorrhage at 5 weeks of gestation after an artificial cycle double frozen-thawed embryo transfer. She was diagnosed with a cervical heterotopic pregnancy. Although hormone supplementation was discontinued to terminate the pregnancy at 5 weeks of gestation, the intrauterine and cervical gestational sacs continued to develop. Outcome The cervic...