Distributed catchment models are widely used tools for predicting hydrologic behavior. While distributed models require many parameters to describe a system, they are expected to simulate behavior that is more consistent with observed processes. However, obtaining a single set of acceptable parameters can be problematic, as parameter equifinality often results in several “behavioral” sets that ...

Abstract The water issue has become a frontier of public debate globally due to awareness sustainable development. Nigeria's resources are under serious threat from inadequate catchment management that includes widespread pollution indiscriminate waste disposal. Stormwater is now recognized as valuable resource rather than nuisance, especially in large urban centers. Growing demand for exerted ...

0022-1694/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.02.022 ⇑ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (T.A. Russo). We present results of an observational and modeling study of the hydrologic response of a riparian wetland to controlled flooding. The study site is located in Poopenaut Valley, Yosemite National Park (USA), adjacent to the Tuolumne River. Thi...

[1] Land surface hydrologic models are commonly evaluated based upon the degree of correspondence between measured and modeled discharge. In this paper we illustrate significant shortcomings associated with the simple discharge based evaluation strategy. A standard conceptual hydrologic model is applied within a Monte Carlo framework to two catchments representing significantly different hydrol...

Tallgrass prairie once occupied 67.6 million hectares in the North American Midwest but less than 0.1% remains today. Consisting of more than 2200 ha, Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge (NSNWR) was established by the US Fish and Wildlife Service in the 5217 ha Walnut Creek watershed in Jasper County, Iowa. Large tracts of land are being converted from row crop agriculture to native prairie and...

Baseflow plays an important role in maintaining streamflow. Seventeen gauged watersheds and their characteristics were used to develop regression models for annual baseflow and baseflow index (BFI) estimation in Michigan. Baseflow was estimated from daily streamflow records using the two-parameter recursive digital filter method for baseflow separation of the Web-based Hydrograph Analysis Tool ...

Apportioning sources, assessing flow pathways, and quantifying the interaction between source transport factors are critical for decreasing nutrient loss from agricultural catchments. In this study, water, nutrient, tracer (δ18O, electrical conductivity) fluxes were measured over two years a tile-drained field in Indiana, USA to quantify linkages among water management practices, delivery tile ...

Hydrologic simulation employing computer models has advanced rapidly and computerized models have become essential tools for understanding human influences on river flows and designing ecologically sustainable water management approaches. The HEC-HMS is a reliable model developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers that could be used for many hydrological simulations. This model is not calibrated...

The question of whether or not soil hydraulic parameters of dualpermeability models (DPM) can be properly identified by inverse analysis of preferential water flow data has not been resolved to date. We applied a DPM based on two coupled Richards’ equations to compare the performance of inverse and forward simulations of laboratory preferential flow data. Infiltration and drainage experiments w...

Large floods are often attributed to the melting of snow during a rain event. This study tested how climate variability, snowpack presence, and basin physiography were related to storm hydrograph shape in three small (<1 km2) basins with old-growth forest in western Oregon. Relationships between hydrograph characteristics and precipitation were tested for approximately 800 storms over a nearly ...