drought is one of the most important weather-induced phenomena which may have severe impacts on different areas such as agriculture, economy, energy production, and society. a number of drought indices have been introduced and used in various countries to date. in the current study, four meteorological drought indices including percent of normal precipitation index (pnpi), standard index of ann...

introduction average per-capita renewable water of iran is decreasing strongly. in near future water wars in the middle east are predictable. exploitation of land resource has the most significant impact on wetlands. wetlands degradation is the serious warning to unsustainable development. despite that the lake urmia is recorded in conservation lists as iranian national parks, ramsar sites and ...

although typically small in terms of their spatial footprint, landslide hazards are relativelyfrequent in northern iran. we assess landslide susceptibility for the nearly 20.000 km2 large study area of the urmia lake basin which is dominated by agricultural land use but includes the major settlements areas of the east azerbaijan province, iran. landslide factors are established in form of gis d...

although typically small in terms of their spatial footprint, landslide hazards are relativelyfrequent in northern iran. we assess landslide susceptibility for the nearly 20.000 km2 large study area of the urmia lake basin which is dominated by agricultural land use but includes the major settlements areas of the east azerbaijan province, iran. landslide factors are established in form of gis d...

Urmia Lake, which is the second largest permanent hypersaline lake in world, shrinking recent decades. Since accurate spatial information about essential to managing current and emerging crises of lake, this study used Lake satellite images time-series investigate drought trends by analyzing via Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). The proposed approach comprising following four steps. First, year...