This article augments d’Aspremont and Jacquemin’s [1988. “Cooperative Noncooperative R&D in Duopoly with Spillovers.” American Economic Review 78: 1133–1137; 1990. Spillovers: Erratum.” 80: 641–642] cost-reducing duopoly by introducing network externalities product compatibility then considers the investment decision stage. For standard non-network industries, received literature has robustly s...

in this paper, the temperature distribution in workpiece and microstructure of welded zone in friction stir welding of aluminum 1100 alloys and the effect of the tool rotational speed on these parameters have investigated experimentally. also feed forward back propagation neural network has been used to predict the temperature of the workpiece during the welding process by considering the proce...

considering convergent product as an important manufacturing technology for digital products, we integrate functions and sub-functions using a comprehensive fuzzy mathematical optimization process. to form the convergent product, a web-based fuzzy network is considered in which a collection of base functions and sub-functions configure the nodes and each arc in the network is to be a link betwe...

Today for the expedition of the identification and timely correction of process deviations, it is necessary to use advanced techniques to minimize the costs of production of defective products. In this way control charts as one of the important tools for the statistical process control in combination with modern tools such as artificial neural networks have been used. The artificial neural netw...