Short cracks, extending to the interdiffusion zone, have been observed in platinum-modified nickel-aluminide diffusion coatings on single-crystal CMSX-4 superalloys after these have been subject to short (10 min) rapid thermal cycles. The cracks were revealed after removing the thermally grown oxide formed during cycling on the coating surfaces. Cracking was observed for coatings subject to the...

A method is given whereby one may graphically determine the radiation heat transfer properties of a number of closely packed radiation shields. The method uses the gray body formula, taking into account variations in total thermal emissivity of the adjacent shields as a function of temperature. Results were used in the construction of a high temperature vacuum furnace. Excellent correlation was...

Plastic cracking of concrete such as plastic settlement and plastic shrinkage cracking is directly related to the bleeding of concrete, which is a natural time-dependent process in a fresh concrete mix. A portion of the mixing water together with very fine materials finds its way to the surface of the concrete during this process. The rapid rate of initial bleeding slows down with the elapsed t...

In-bulk recording without cracking in borosilicate glass by high repetition rate (80 MHz) 12 ps pulses at 355 nm wavelength is demonstrated and discussed. The theoretical model of a “hot-line” scan and thermal accumulation qualitatively well describes the experimental results. The analytical expression of a thermally induced stress was obtained. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.10...

Biomass is one of the most important sources of renewable energy. One aim of Biomass gasification is to convert a solid feedstock into a valuable syngas for electricity or liquid fuel production. Actual industrial auto-thermal gasification processes achieve a production of syngas mainly polluted by products such as dust, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide and tars. Tars remain, one of the main dra...

The effect of annealing temperature and time on the formation of threading dislocations was investigated for high energy boron implants into silicon. 1 MeV B was implanted at a dose of 1310/cm into ^100& Si wafers. The wafers were subsequently annealed in either a rapid thermal annealing ~RTA! furnace or a conventional furnace for times between 1 s and 1 h at temperatures between 700 and 1150 °...

The crystallization behavior of polycrystalline silicon (Si) and germanium-silicon alloys (GexSil-x) from Sill4 and GeH4, where x is in the range of 0-0.32, has been investigated for thin film transistor (TFT) applications. Furnace anneals as well as rapid thermal anneal (RTA) and combinations of these two techniques have been used to crystallize amorphously deposited thin ( _< 100 nm) films. T...

Effects of rapid heat transfer using a fluidized bed on the heat-treating response of Al-Si-Mg alloys (both unmodified and Sr modified) were investigated. The heating rate in the fluidized bed is greater than in conventional air convective furnaces. Particle size analyses of eutectic Si showed that the high heating rate during fluidized bed solution heat treatment causes faster fragmentation an...

Many organic-rich rocks are major sources of oil and gas in sedimentary basins presumably through high-temperature thermal cracking. This view was brought into question with recent reports of marine shales generating catalytic gas in the laboratory at 50◦C, 300◦C below thermal-cracking temperatures. Gas forms under natural conditions without artificial stimulation. Compositions of methane, etha...