Effective use of crop residues as a source material for the production of energy and biochemicals requires a fundamental understanding of its thermal degradation properties and reaction kinetics. Furthermore, identification of applications for lignin and extractives is essential. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine the effect of extractives on the thermal decomposition behaviour of...

Short-term acceleration of soil organic matter decomposition by increasing temperature conflicts with the thermal adaptation observed in long-term studies. Here we used the altitudinal gradient on Mt. Kilimanjaro to demonstrate the mechanisms of thermal adaptation of extra- and intracellular enzymes that hydrolyze cellulose, chitin and phytate and oxidize monomers ((14)C-glucose) in warm- and c...

we introduce and discuss the homotopy perturbation method, the adomian decomposition method and the variational iteration method for solving the stefan problem with kinetics. then, we give an example of the stefan problem with  kinetics and solve it by these methods.

The inherent nonlinearities in the kinetics and heat transfer models of biomass pyrolysis have led to the applications of various numerical methods in solving the nonlinear problems. However, in order to have physical insights into the phenomena and to show the direct relationships between the parameters of the models, analytical solutions are required. In this work, approximate analytical solu...

in this research, cuo spherical-like nanoparticles were synthesized using the planetary ball mill method. the structure, particle size and morphology of the resulting cuo nanoparticles were characterized by xrd (x-ray diffraction), sem (scanning electron microscopy) and saxs (small-angle x-ray scattering) methods. the results of this investigation showed that the smallest particles which were o...

magnetic nanoparticles attracted a great deal of attention in the medical applications due to their unique properties. the most exceptional property of magnetic particles is their response to a magnetic force, and this property has been utilized in applications such as drug targeting, bioseparation, contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and heating mediators for cancer therapy. in...

in this paper, cubic nickel oxide nanoparticles were successfully prepared by solid-state thermal decomposition of nickel(ii) macrocyclic schiff-base complex at 450°c for 3 h without employing toxic solvent or surfactant and complicated equipment. nickel(ii) macrocyclic schiff-base complex was synthesized by the reaction of 1,2-bis(2-formyl-3-methoxyphenyl)propane, nicl2•6h2o and 1,3-phenylened...

The thermal decomposition of nitromethane provides a classic example of the competition between roaming mediated isomerization and simple bond fission. A recent theoretical analysis suggests that as the pressure is increased from 2 to 200 Torr the product distribution undergoes a sharp transition from roaming dominated to bond-fission dominated. Laser schlieren densitometry is used to explore t...