The thermal diffusion behavior of acetone/water and dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)/water mixtures has been experimentally investigated by a transient holographic grating technique named thermal diffusion forced Rayleigh scattering (TDFRS). For both systems a sign change of the Soret coefficient S(T) with varying water content has been predicted by simulations [C. Nieto Draghi et al., J. Chem. Phys. 12...

We describe neutron scattering, NMR relaxation, and thermal transport properties of Z2 spin liquids in two dimensions. Comparison to recent experiments on the spin S=1/2 triangular lattice antiferromagnet in kappa-(ET)2Cu2(CN)3 shows that this compound may realize a Z2 spin liquid. We argue that the topological "vison" excitations dominate thermal transport, and that recent thermal conductivity...

Much of the recent changes in North American climate have occurred during the winter months, and as result, overwintering birds represent important sentinels of anthropogenic climate change. While there is mounting evidence that bird populations are responding to a warming climate (e.g., poleward shifts) questions remain as to whether these species-specific responses are resulting in community-...

Range shifts of many species are now documented as a response to global warming. But whether these observed changes are occurring fast enough remains uncertain and hardly quantifiable. Here, we developed a simple framework to measure change in community composition in response to climate warming. This framework is based on a community temperature index (CTI) that directly reflects, for a given ...

Thermal infrared imaging has been proposed, and is now used, as a tool for the non-contact and non-invasive computational assessment of human autonomic nervous activity and psychophysiological states. Thanks to a new generation of high sensitivity infrared thermal detectors and the development of computational models of the autonomic control of the facial cutaneous temperature, several autonomi...

This article describes tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) using a heated AFM cantilever. The electrical and thermal responses of the cantilever were investigated while the cantilever oscillated in free space or was in intermittent contact with a surface. The cantilever oscillates at its mechanical resonant frequency, 70.36 kHz, which is much faster than its thermal time constant of 300 ...

The ability to incorporate detailed geometry into finite element models has allowed researchers to investigate the influence of morphology on performance aspects of skeletal components. This advance has also allowed researchers to explore the effect of different material models, ranging from simple (e.g., isotropic) to complex (e.g., orthotropic), on the response of bone. However, bone's compli...

OBJECTIVES We analyzed whether a method for identifying latent trajectories--latent class growth analysis (LCGA)--was useful for understanding outcomes for individuals subject to an intervention. METHODS We used LCGA to reanalyze data from a published study of mentally ill homeless men in a critical time intervention (CTI) program. In that study, 96 men leaving a shelter's on-site psychiatric...

Monte Carlo Method is used to simulate a double layer gadolinium-amorphous silicon thermal neutron detector. The detector fabricated in pixel array configuration has various applications including neutron imaging. According to the simulation results, a detector consisting of a gadolinium (Gd) film with thickness of 2-4 ~m, sandwiched properly with two layers of sufficiently thick (-30 ?µm) hydr...

Exercising or working in a hot, humid environment can results in the onset of heat-related illness when an individual's temperature is not carefully monitored. The purpose of the present study was to compare three techniques (data loggers, thermal imaging, and wired electrodes) for the measurement of peripheral (bicep) and central (abdominal) skin temperature. Young men and women (N = 30) were ...