Polydactyly occurs in some chicken breeds, but the molecular mechanism remains incompletely understood. Combined genome-wide linkage analysis and association study (GWAS) for chicken polydactyly helps identify loci or candidate genes for the trait and potentially provides further mechanistic understanding of this phenotype in chickens and perhaps other species. The linkage analysis and GWAS for...

We present a male infant with hypertelorism, median pseudo-cleft of the upper lip and cleft palate, lobulated tongue, hypoplastic larynx and epiglottis, mesomelic shortening of limbs with particularly short and broad tibiae, polydactyly of the upper limbs, severely hypoplastic external genitalia with anorchidism, anal atresia, severe congenital heart defect, and renal agenesis. These features s...

This article was accepted fur publication September 26, 1991. Behavioral research has indicated that thumbsucking often covaries with hair pulling and that the elimination of thumb-sucking can result in the elimination of the hair pulling with which it was associated (e.g., Frlman & Hove, 1987; Knell & Moore, 1988). Treatments for persistent thumb-sucking, however, have shown minimal or transie...

Mirror hand or ulnar dimelia is a very rare congenital anomaly characterized by symmetric duplication of the upper limb in the midline. In most cases there is mirrored symmetry with a central digit and 3 digits on either side representing the middle ring and small fingers. The thumb is absent despite presence of seven digits. There is duplication of ulna and absence of radius. The preaxial ulna...

Polydactyly is a fairly common congenital condition of the foot and is characterized literally by supernumerary toes (digit or metatarsal). The frequency of polydactyly varies widely among populations. It may be an isolated condition or part of a congenital syndrome. Polydactyly is generally classified into three major groups: medial ray (preaxial), central ray and lateral ray (postaxial). The ...

The mirror foot is a rare congenital foot anomaly which is often associated with 6- to 8-toed polydactyly. Postaxial polydactyly is the most common form of this anomaly, while central polydactyly is seen infrequently. We report on 2 cases of the central mirror-foot anomaly. Calcaneus duplication and fibular hypoplasia were present in 1 case. We treated both patients by resecting the middle foot...