by Robert J. Kane Scaffolds have been fabricated from a wide variety of materials and most have showed some success, either as bone graft substitutes or as tissue engineering scaffolds. However, all current scaffold compositions and architectures suffer from one or more flaws including poor mechanical properties, lack of biological response, non-degradability, or a scaffold architecture not con...

Objective(s): Bacterial cellulose (BC) has applications in medical science, it is easily synthesized, economic and purer compared to plant cellulose. The present study aimed to evaluate BC, a biocompatible natural polymer, as a scaffold for the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) loaded with fisetin, a phytoestrogen.Materials and Methods: BC hydrogel scaffold was prepared from Gluconacet...

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cellscan transdifferentiate into Cardiomyocyte cells and improveheart function after transplantation. Since biomaterials canimprove the cell retention in the site, cell survival and differentiation,heart tissue engineering is now being explored as anapplied solution to support cell-based therapies and increasetheir efficacy for myocardial diseases. Ch...

Introduction: As the ability to repair cartilage tissue in body is limited, finding a suitable method for cartilage regeneration has gained the attention of many scholars. For this purpose, scaffold structure and morphology, along with cell culture on it, can be a novel method to treat cartilage injuries, osteoarthritis. Methods: In this study, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is selected as the scaf...

A goal of tissue engineering is to produce a scaffold material that will guide cells to differentiate and regenerate functional replacement tissue at the site of injury. Little is known about how cells respond on a molecular level to tissue engineering scaffold materials. In this work we used oligonucleotide microarrays to interrogate gene expression profiles associated with cell-biomaterial in...

Creating heterogeneous tissue constructs with an even cell distribution and robust mechanical strength remain important challenges to the success of in vivo tissue engineering. To address these issues, we are developing a scaffold sheet tissue engineering strategy consisting of thin (∼200 μm), strong, elastic, and porous crosslinked urethane-doped polyester (CUPE) scaffold sheets that are bonde...

Bone diseases such as osteoporosis, delayed or impaired bone healing, and osteoarthritis still represent a social, financial, personal burden for affected patients society. Fully humanized in vitro 3D models of cancellous tissue are needed to develop new treatment strategies meet patient-specific needs. Here, we demonstrate successful cell-sheet-based process optimized mesenchymal stromal cell ...

Currently, the most commonly used bioresorbable scaffold is made of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP); it is hoped that scaffolds made of a mixture of hydroxyapatite (HA) and poly-D/L-lactide (PDLLA) will be able to act as novel bioresorbable scaffolds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of a HA/PDLLA scaffold compared to β-TCP, at a loading site. Dogs underwent surgery to replac...

Introduction: Brain injury is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and so far, there has been no absolute treatment for the damaged brain tissue. Using human stem cells with self-assembling scaffolds can be a promising method for treatment of traumatic brain injury. Materials and Methods: Human meningioma stem cells were isolated, cultured and then expanded into in vitro cond...

BACKGROUND Tissue engineering is a new approach, whereby techniques are being developed to transplant autologous cells onto biodegradable scaffolds to ultimately form new functional tissue in vitro and in vivo. Our laboratory has focused on the tissue engineering of heart valves, and we have fabricated a trileaflet heart valve scaffold from a biodegradable polymer, a polyhydroxyalkanoate. In th...