In Mobile WiMAX, the power saving mechanism (PSM), which operates alternately in sleep and awake modes, works to extend the lifetime of mobile stations (MSs), though it concurrently induces a medium access control (MAC) service data unit (SDU) response delay. In this paper, we derive the analytical models for two of the most important performance metrics: the average power consumption and the a...

Abstract Background Understanding the climate variability at local scale could help suggest adaptation responses to manage associated risks. This paper analyzed and trend of in semi-arid Borana zone southern Ethiopia over period 1981–2018 using Mann–Kendall (MK) test, Sen’s Slope Estimator (SEE) inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation technique. Gridded (4 km * 4 km) data (daily precipita...

With global warming, recent winters in Switzerland have been milder than previous decades, and this trend is predicted to continue. Survival during the cold season could increase for insect species sensitive winter events. Forest pests, such as pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) green spruce aphid (Elatobium abietinum), well some crop southern stink bug (Nezara viridula), overwin...

Abstract The diurnal temperature range (DTR) as measured by the difference between daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) temperatures is of great importance to human health, ecology, agriculture. link its long-term change anthropogenic forcing still unclear. This study shows evidence influence on changes in DTR over globe, five continents, China during past century (1901–2014). Using multiple...

Defined as the difference between daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum surface air temperature (Tmin), diurnal range (DTR) is critical to local climate, ecosystem, socio-economic functioning. This study investigates how DTR responds future global warming, using a novel, fine-resolution convection-permitting regional climate model. Results demonstrate asymmetrical impact of that is, more substantial...

Heat recovery is considered as the key to improve energy efficiency in process design. An appropriate heat exchanger network (HEN) design an effective tool maximize from streams and minimize consumption. The objectives of this study were arranging optimum HEN based on annual cost power industry. Paiton Steam Power Plant, East Java, Indonesia, was designed using spreadsheet Aspen Energy Analyzer...

The primary purpose of the study was determination spatial day-to-day variability extreme air temperatures in Poland and dependency large temperature changes on atmospheric circulation accordance with Grosswetterlagen (GWL) classification. goal achieved based data from 1966 to 2015, made available by Institute Meteorology Water Management—National Research Institute. Day-to-day maximum minimum ...

Abstract. Volcanic eruptions have a significant impact on global temperature; their consequences are of particular interest in regions that especially sensitive to climate change, like the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, we develop temperature-sensitive tree-ring-width standard chronology covering period 1348–2014 CE using Qilian juniper (Sabina przewalskii (Kom.)) samples collected from Animaq...

A new method for the determination of the real part of the elastic scattering amplitude is examined for high energy proton-proton at small momentum transfer. This method allows us to decrease the number of model assumptions, to obtain the real part in a narrow region of momentum transfer and to test different models. The real part is computed at a given point tmin near t = 0 from the known Coul...