Some applications such as the autonomous navigation in natural terrain and the automation of map making process require high-level scene descriptions as well as geometrical representation of the natural terrain environments. In this paper, we present methods for building high level terrain descriptions, referred as topographic maps, by extracting terrain features like "peaks", "pits", "ridges",...

Spinal cord infarction is much rarer than cerebral stroke, but its early recognition is important as it may signify serious aortic conditions. The most frequent type is anterior spinal artery syndrome, presenting with bilateral weakness (usually paraparesis), impairment of spinothalamic sensation and preservation of deep sensation. Depending on its level, it may present with respiratory dysfunc...

This report addresses the problem of extracting topographic features from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) imagery. The features are used for Earth science applications and include slope, curvature, aspect, flow direction, flow accumulation and compound topographic index (CTI). The objective of our work is (1) to support topographic feature extraction similar to the one in ArcGIS, (2) to...

We introduce GTM-SD (Generative Topographic Mapping for Structured Data), which is the first compositional generative model for topographic mapping of tree-structured data. GTM-SD exploits a scalable bottom-up hidden-tree Markov model that was introduced in Part I of this paper to achieve a recursive topographic mapping of hierarchical information. The proposed model allows efficient exploitati...

There is no research which specifically investigates the influence of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) on topographic correction of satellite images. Such an investigation is necessary in view of the very high resolution (VHR) of recent sensors such as Ikonos and QuickBird and the low availability of accurate height information for the derivation of slope and aspect values. A comparative study...

Quantification of topographic venting of boundary layer air to the free troposphere S. Henne, M. Furger, S. Nyeki , M. Steinbacher, B. Neininger, S. F. J. de Wekker , J. Dommen, N. Spichtinger, A. Stohl †, and A. S. H. Prévôt Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland University of Essex, Colchester Essex, UK MetAir AG, Illnau, Switzerland Lehrstuhl für Bioklimatologie und Immissionsforschun...

We call "natural" image any photograph of an outdoor or indoor scene taken by a standard camera. We discuss the physical generation process of natural images as a combination of occlusions, transparencies and contrast changes. This description ts to the phenomeno-logical description of Gaetano Kanizsa according to which visual perception tends to remain stable with respect to these basic operat...

Some applications such as the autonomous navigation in natural terrain and the automation of map making process require highlevel scene descriptions as well as geometrical representation of the natural terrain environments. In this paper, we present methods for building high level terrain descriptions, referred to as topographic maps, by extracting terrain features like “peaks,” “pits,” “ridges...

enzymes are so crucial in the mineralization process of organic material. information of the soil enzymes activity is used in determining of the soil microbial properties and they are also important in soil health and quality. topographic attributes, soil properties and soil enzymes are associated together. hence, it is essential to know how these parameters affect on the soil enzymes activity....