in the present study, an attempt has been made to use data envelopment analysis (dea) for assessing the technical efficiency and return-to-scale for greenhouse cucumber production in iran. for this purpose, the data from greenhouses in esfahan province, during one period of plant cultivation in one year including spring plants were randomly collected. the results indicated that total input ener...

in order to perform each component of agricultural practices, its plan should be rationalized economically and technically. in a study for recognition patterns of energy inputs and outputs in saffron fields of southern khorasan, iran, during a five years exploitation period, two questionnaires were prepared, one for the first cultivation year, and another for crop management and harvest during ...

in this study greenhouse tomato production was investigated from energy consumption and greenhouse gas (ghg) emission point of views. moreover, artificial neural networks (anns) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (anfis) were employed to model energy consumption for greenhouse tomato production. total energy input and output were calculated as 1316.14 and 281.1 gj/ha. among the all ener...

Crop production process utilizes input energy and produces some biomass energy as output.  During this process, greenhouse gases (GHGs) are also emitted which can make environmental risks. In this study, input and output energies, energy indices, and GHG emissions arising from inputs were estimated for wheat-cotton rotation under different tillage practices in Fars province. The study was condu...

The aim of this investigation was to determine the efficacy of a caffeine-containing energy drink to improve physical performance of elite field hockey players during a game. On 2 days separated by a week, 13 elite field hockey players (age and body mass = 23.2 ± 3.9 years and 76.1 ± 6.1 kg) ingested 3 mg of caffeine per kg of body mass in the form of an energy drink or the same drink without c...

the objectives of this research were to investigate influences of energy inputs and energy forms on output levels and evaluation of co2 emissions for hazelnut production in guilan province of iran. moreover, the sensitivity analysis was done by marginal physical productivity (mpp) method for energy inputs and energy using linear regression. initial data were collected from 120 orchardists in se...

The vacuum energy density or free energy of a free charged Bose gas at nonzero densities is studied in the context of the debate about Multiplicative Anomalies. Some ζ-function regularised calculations of the free energy in the literature are reexamined, clarified and extended. A range of apparently distinct answers can obtained. Equivalent dimensional regularisation results are also presented ...

Mutual information between the brain state and the external world state represents the 6 amount of information stored in the brain that is associated with the external world. On the other 7 hand, surprise of sensory input indicates the unpredictability of the current input. In other words, 8 this is a measure of prediction capability, and an upper bound of surprise is known as free energy. 9 Ac...

To investigate the electromagnetic interaction of molecules inside the nanotubes, first, the structure of nanotubes B16N16 was optimized with hybrid density functional theory (B3LYP) using the EPR-II basis set, then Cu, Cu+, Cu++ were located in nanotube and we studied the total energy, band gap energy, electrical potential, changes of band gap energy in terms of total energy and dipole moment ...