Human excreta is a low cost source of nutrients vital to plant growth, but also a source of pathogens transmissible to people and animals. We investigated the cost-savings and infection risk of soil transmitted helminths (STHs) in four scenarios where farmers used either inorganic fertilizer or fresh/composted human excreta supplemented by inorganic fertilizer to meet the nutrient requirements ...

Following injection of U-]4C threonine into the haemolymph of adult female Glossina morsitans during late pregnancy, radioactivity was detected in the postparturient female and in its offspring, in threonine, lipids, and a range of non¬ essential amino acids. The level of radioactivity recovered from the larva was higher than that remaining in the injected adult, and the radioactivity recovered...

Canola (Brassica napus) grown as a selected plant species for field phytoremediation of selenium (Se) may be harvested and utilized as Se-enriched forage for marginally Se-deficient lambs and cows. Two field studies were conducted under controlled conditions to evaluate the accumulation of Se into different animal tissues, including blood, excreta, and milk. In Study 1, treatments consisted of ...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbroke in 2003, and the avian influenza A (H5N1) also outbroke in 2003 and continued to 2004. These pandemic viral diseases originated in South East Asia. Many human and animal lives were lost. Economic damages due to the pandemics were also very large. The question arises of why did the pandemics originate from South East Asian areas. Human influenza ...

The metabolism of H/C-labeled 4(-deoxy-4(-epimethylaminoavermectin B1a (MAB1a) benzoate, the major homologue (>90%) of the avermectin insecticide emamectin benzoate, was studied in laying chickens. Ten Leghorn hens (Gallus domesticus) were orally dosed once daily for 7 days (1 mg/kg of body weight/day). Eggs and excreta were collected daily, and eggs were subsequently separated into whites and ...

This paper reviews existing on-farm GHG accounting models for dairy cattle systems and their ability to capture the effect of dietary strategies in abatement. The focus is on methane (CH4) emissions from enteric manure (animal excreta) sources nitrous oxide (N2O) animal excreta. We identified three generic modelling approaches, based degree which diet-related characteristics: ‘none’ (Type 1) ‘s...

The disposition and metabolism of isopropyl N-[(2S)-7-cyano-4-(2-pyridylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[b]indol-2-yl]carbamate (LY2452473; a selective androgen receptor modulator) in humans was characterized after a single 15-mg (100 μCi) oral dose of [¹⁴C]LY2452473 to six healthy male subjects. LY2452473 was absorbed rapidly (time to reach maximum plasma concentration for both LY2452473 and ...

Dove's excreta samples from state Bolívar several places in Venezuela, were evaluated to determine the presence of primary pathogen fungi in dove's excreta. Filamentous fungi such as: Aspergillus spp (31.1%), Mucor spp (20.2%), Penicillium spp (9.5%) and Fusarium spp (6.7%) were the most frequently isolated strains. Species such as Candida albicans (4.1%), Cryptococcus albidus and Rhodotorula s...