Ten females and ten males of each of the Rhenish, Italian and Landes breeds of geese were force fed for four weeks. Blood samples were collected from the birds at weekly intervals beginning from the week before force feeding, the total protein and its fractions, total lipid and cholesterol were determined in the faultless blood serum samples. As regards total proteins level, the values did not ...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to explore the total and regional grip forces in the hand when propelling two different manual one arm drive wheelchairs: the Neater Uni-wheelchair (NUW) and a foot steered Action3 wheelchair. METHODS 17 nondisabled users were randomly assigned to each wheelchair to drive around an indoor obstacle course. The Grip, a multiple sensor system taking continuous m...

We explored changes in finger interaction in the process of healthy aging as a window into neural control strategies of natural movements. In particular, we quantified the amount of force produced by noninstructed fingers in different directions, the amount of force produced by the instructed finger orthogonally to the task direction, and the strength of multifinger synergies stabilizing the to...

Mechanical deformation in incompressible linear and nonlinear magnetic materials was evaluated using various conventional electromagnetic volume and surface force density methods. These conventional force density methods are the Maxwell stress tensor method, Korteweg-Helmholtz force density method sKHd, magnetic charge method, magnetizing current method, and Kelvin force density method sKVd. Th...

The origin of the threefold variation found previously in isometric force normalized to cross-sectional area of single fast-twitch tibialis anterior muscle fibres of the frog Rana temporaria was studied by using (1) a strictly defined stimulus protocol, and (2) influencing the condition of the frog using artificial hibernation. Variation in normalized force was found to be influenced by the len...

At most joints, there is a redundancy of muscle function. For any given movement, there are a wide range of possible solutions to the problem of how force is shared among muscle synergists. A better understanding of how force is shared among muscle synergists can provide insight into the mechanics and control of movement. We examined force sharing in the gastrocnemius of wild turkeys (Meleagris...

The objective of the study is to examine the effects of age and gender on finger coordination. Twelve young (24 +/- 8 yr; 6 men and 6 women) and 12 elderly (75 +/- 5 yr; 6 men and 6 women) subjects performed single-finger maximal contraction [maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)], four-finger MVC, and four-finger ramp force production tasks by pressing on individual force transducers. A drop in ...