Let $D$ be a finite simple digraph with vertex set $V(D)$ and arcset $A(D)$. A twin signed total Roman dominating function (TSTRDF) on thedigraph $D$ is a function $f:V(D)rightarrow{-1,1,2}$ satisfyingthe conditions that (i) $sum_{xin N^-(v)}f(x)ge 1$ and$sum_{xin N^+(v)}f(x)ge 1$ for each $vin V(D)$, where $N^-(v)$(resp. $N^+(v)$) consists of all in-neighbors (resp.out-neighbors) of $v$, and (...

Let k ≥ j ≥ 1 be two integers, and letG be a simple graph such that j(δ(G)+1) ≥ k, where δ(G) is the minimum degree of G. A (j, k)-dominating function of a graph G is a function f from the vertex set V (G) to the set {0, 1, 2, . . . , j} such that for any vertex v ∈ V (G), the condition ∑ u∈N[v] f(u) ≥ k is fulfilled, where N [v] is the closed neighborhood of v. A set {f1, f2, . . . , fd} of (j...

The in-neighborhood, I(v), of a vertex v in a digraph D=(V, A) is v together with the set of all vertices sending an arc to v, i.e., vertices u such that (u, v) # A. A subset of V is called dominating if it meets I(v) for every v # V. (To avoid confusion, it must be noted that some authors require in the definition meeting every out-neighborhood.) A set of vertices is called independent if no t...

A set S of vertices of a graph G is a total dominating set if every vertex of V (G) is adjacent to some vertex in S. The total domination number t(G) is the minimum cardinality of a total dominating set of G. Let G be a connected spanning subgraph of Ks;s, and let H be the complement of G relative to Ks;s; that is, Ks;s = G ⊕ H is a factorization of Ks;s. The graph G is k-supercritical relative...

a roman dominating function (rdf) on a graph g = (v,e) is defined to be a function satisfying the condition that every vertex u for which f(u) = 0 is adjacent to at least one vertex v for which f(v) = 2. a set s v is a restrained dominating set if every vertex not in s is adjacent to a vertex in s and to a vertex in . we define a restrained roman dominating function on a graph g = (v,e) to be ...

Let $kge 1$ be an integer, and let $G$ be a finite and simple graph with vertex set $V(G)$.A weak signed Roman $k$-dominating function (WSRkDF) on a graph $G$ is a function$f:V(G)rightarrow{-1,1,2}$ satisfying the conditions that $sum_{xin N[v]}f(x)ge k$ for eachvertex $vin V(G)$, where $N[v]$ is the closed neighborhood of $v$. The weight of a WSRkDF $f$ is$w(f)=sum_{vin V(G)}f(v)$. The weak si...

We limit our discussion to graphs that are simple and finite of order . Although 8 we often identify a graph with its set of vertices, in cases where we need to be K explicit we write . A set of vertices of is said to Z ÐKÑ Q K dominate K provided each vertex of is either in or adjacent to a vertex of . K Q Q The domination number of is the minimum order of a dominating set. A K dominating prov...

Let G be a simple graph without isolated vertices with vertex set V (G) and edge set E(G) and let k be a positive integer. A function f : E(G) → {−1, 1} is said to be a signed star k-dominating function on G if ∑ e∈E(v) f(e) ≥ k for every vertex v of G, where E(v) = {uv ∈ E(G) | u ∈ N(v)}. A set {f1, f2, . . . , fd} of signed star k-dominating functions on G with the property that ∑d i=1 fi(e) ...

In this paper, we study the Dominating Set problem in random graphs. In a random graph, each pair of vertices are joined by an edge with a probability of p, where p is a positive constant less than 1. We show that, given a random graph in n vertices, a minimum dominating set in the graph can be computed in expected 2 2 2 n) time. For the parameterized dominating set problem, we show that it can...

Dichloroacetate selectively improves cardiac function and metabolism in female and male rainbow 1 trout 2 3 Pavan K. Battiprolu* and Kenneth J. Rodnick 4 5 6 Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID 83209-8007 7 8 *Current address: Department of Metabolic disorders, Amgen, Inc. South San Francisco, CA 94568. 9 10 Corresponding author. e-mail: [email protected]; ph...