A method is presented to divide the measured total congestion in any freeway section into three ‘slices’: (1) the delay that collisions cause; (2) the potential reduction in delay at bottlenecks that ideal ramp metering can achieve; and (3) the remaining delay, due mainly to excess demand, but also to all other causes, including non-collision incidents, lane closures, and weather. The method in...

To enhance traffic safety, a multidisciplinary Road Accident Investigation Team was established in Denmark for a 2-year trial period. The objective was to conduct in-depth investigations of specific types of accidents, and to identify effective preventive measures. The team consisted of a road engineer, a vehicle inspector, a police superintendent, a psychologist and a physician. Seventeen seri...

Arterials across the United States are experiencing far too many collisions. Agencies tasked with improving these arterials have few available effective solutions. Superstreets, called restricted crossing u-turns by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), are part of a menu of unconventional arterial intersection designs that may provide a promising solution. Up to this point, there is littl...

OBJECTIVES Initiatives to increase active school transportation are popular. However, increased walking to school could increase collision risk. The built environment is related to both pedestrian collision risk and walking to school. We examined the influence of the built environment on walking to school and child pedestrian collisions in Toronto, Canada. METHODS Police-reported pedestrian c...

Real-world experiments [1, 2] have shown that wireless sensor networks exhibit certain traffic patterns where events of interest have been noticed to cause a burst of activity at nodes propagating the information over the network. However, bursts of activity from multiple transmitters in a neighborhood results in energy wastage due to collisions. Current protocols use RTS-CTS handshakes to avoi...

Pedestrian safety is a primary traffic issue in the urban environment. According to national traffic safety data, more than 4,000 fatalities were caused by pedestrian-vehicle collisions annually among the 40,000-plus total fatalities in all categories of collisions. Pedestrian crashes account for about 80,000 collisions per year, according to the General Estimate System (GES) data from 1995 to ...

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have recently received notable attention because of their wide range of applications in urban civilian use and in warfare. With air traffic densities increasing, it is more and more important for UAVs to be able to predict and avoid collisions. The main goal of this research effort is to adjust real-time trajectories for cooperative UAVs to avoid collisions in th...

A traffic simulation combining ideas from the video game industry and from civil engineering is presented. Drivers with unique characteristics and preferences are generated and follow a randomly generated road map. Interesting behaviors are observed as selfish drivers force lane changes and move toward their goals, sending waves of decelerations backwards down the road to prevent collisions.

Collisions between vehicles and pedestrians continue to occur at a high rate each year, resulting in several thousand pedestrian injuries and deaths in the United States alone. In addition to the natural environmental factors (i.e. precipitation, lighting, temperature, etc.), factors related to the infrastructure in which pedestrians walk impact the safety performance of a given roadway segment...