Skin constitutes an excellent barrier for the transdermal delivery of hydrophilic or high molecular weight drugs. Low efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials for some topical drugs is mainly due to low skin penetration ability related to the efficient barrier properties of stratum corneum (SC). Transdermal delivery of molecules in the skin is limited by the full epidermis, not just stratum cor...

Skin constitutes an excellent barrier for the transdermal delivery of hydrophilic or high molecular weight drugs. Low efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials for some topical drugs is mainly due to low skin penetration ability related to the efficient barrier properties of stratum corneum (SC). Transdermal delivery of molecules in the skin is limited by the full epidermis, not just stratum cor...

AIM To uptake and release hydrophilic model drugs and insulin in a novel conductive polymer (CP) nanotube transdermal patch. MATERIALS & METHODS The externally controlled transdermal delivery of model drugs and insulin were tested ex vivo and results were compared with CP films. The unique intrinsic properties of CPs provide electrostatic interaction between the model drugs and polymer backbo...

The purpose was to achieve therapeutic fluxes of timolol by transdermal delivery using skin electroporation. The transdermal transport of timolol through human stratum corneum was studied in three compartment diffusion cells. The electrodes, buffer composition and pulse conditions were optimized. Timolol maleate concentration in the donor compartment was 40 mg/ml. Square wave pulses were applie...

A matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system was developed for treating diseases of the eye where it is difficult for drug molecules to reach with conventional topical instillation. Prednisolone was employed as a model drug. An in vivo study using rats showed that the daily application of the patch maintained a constant plasma concentration of the drug, which was equivalent the therapeutic plas...

Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with oral oestrogen was predicted to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD) risk by 50%. Randomized controlled trials show no such benefit, however, pointing instead to an initial increase in CHD events. Although the cardiovascular effects of transdermal HRT are largely unknown, improvements in arterial function are maintained when oestrogen is admi...

insulin-loaded biodegradable chitosan nanoparticle was prepared by the polyelec-trolyte complex formation method. the prepared nanoparticles were in the size of 110 nm and had high entrapment (91.0%) capacity. the transdermal nanoinsulin was characterized by in vivo hypoglycemic effects. plasma glucose was decreased to the range of 80.34 to 96.74 mg/dl, and insulin levels were increased to the ...

Transdermal drug delivery system offers best way of through skin than compared to oral route administration by overcoming side-effects.Drug is done adhesion transdermal patches surface.Novel application techniques have been employed for better therapeutic response various in treatment several disease using dermal administration.This non-invasive method reducing frequency achieve complete action...

Postoperative management of pain has traditionally utilized intravenous (IV) morphine for pain control. An alternative approach to the invasive patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) system is the administration of transdermal analgesics, such as fentanyl. In 2006 the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the fentanyl hydrochloride (fentanyl HCl) iontophoretic transdermal system (ITS), which ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the transdermal permeation of alniditan by electroporation and to compare with iontophoretic delivery. The influence of the electrical parameters of electroporation was investigated in vitro using a factorial design study. The transdermal flux of alniditan was enhanced by two orders of magnitude by application of high voltage electrical pulses. The electric...