The ability to differentiate the value of a clear set of observations from the inferences which may be drawn from them is the hallmark of a physician with "good clinical judgment." This type of discernment is also needed for retrospective observational clinical studies. Prospective controlled trials should investigate a hypothesis which has some a priori reason to support it, but those concerne...

Fifteen per cent. of all cases of Rh-isoimmunization end in stillbirth. Until 1963 the only available means of preventing this outcome in cases with a high risk of stillbirth was to deliver the foetus prematurely before intrauterine death had occurred. The value of this was limited, because many intrauterine deaths due to haemolytic disease of the newborn occur early in pregnancy, and because i...

haemovigilance is a system with standard program to cover the entire transfusion chain, monitor, evaluate and analyse the data to improve patients’ safety. we report the implemented haemovigilance system in hospitals and transfusion reactions (tr) in iran. methods and materials: this was a prospective descriptive study. the national reporting system for transfusion incidents was introduced in j...

A 16-year-old male with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis was scheduled for the posterior spinal fusion (PSF) under general anesthesia. The cell saver was routinely prepared preoperatively and 400 ml of salvaged red blood cells were transfused during the surgery. After the cell salvage transfusion, the oozing of blood in surgical wounds occurred and the activated coagulation time (ACT) of the art...

Blood loss during surgical procedures poses a grave risk to the patient, but transfusion is costly and associated with adverse outcomes. Antifibrinolytics, however, offer an economical and effective means of decreasing blood loss associated with surgical procedures. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic that blocks lysine-binding sites of fibrinogen and fibrin, preventing the breakdown o...

transfusion of blood products from an infected person with aids, is meant to infect recipient. blood products such as whole blood, red blood cells, platelets, plasma, frozen blood precipitate, factor viii, factor ix, can be infected with hiv. transmissions from blood factors can be seen in plasma from thousands of donors that were collected in a container and were used to treat hemophilia. bloo...

Increased susceptibility to infectious disease is observed in persons with transfusion-dependent thalassemia and iron overload who experience increased exposure to pathogens and chronic immune stimulation. An abnormal low CD8(+) T (LT8) immune phenotype defines a subgroup of patients. The CD8(+) T cell immunophenotype is stable despite continued blood transfusion and is independent of age. CD8(...

A four year-old-girl with Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) that was resistant to corticosteroid treatment and transfusion dependent underwent (bone marrow transplantation) BMT from HLA identical sibling. The patient was conditioned with busulfan and cyclophosphamide and achieved complete marrow engraftment and mixed chimerism in DNA analysis. For the following 13 months she was not transfusion dep...

Bombay blood group is a rare autosomal recessive phenotype within the ABO blood group. It represents genetically suppressed A, B and H genes. When considering such patients for transfusion, only blood of identical Bombay type can be safely transfused. We are reporting a patient having Bombay phenotypic blood, underwent emergency dilatation and curettage with active per vaginal bleeding due to r...

OBJECTIVE This is a repeat cohort study in which we sought to determine whether an association of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) <48 hours of a packed red blood cells (PRBC) transfusion was a prior sampling artifact. STUDY DESIGN All very low birth weight neonates with NEC Stage ≥ IIB admitted over an 18-month period were categorized for NEC: (1) <48 hours after a PRBC transfusion; (2) unrel...