Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), a homologue of the Ly-6/Thy-1 family of cell surface antigens, is expressed by a majority of human prostate cancers and is a promising target for prostate cancer immunotherapy. In addition to its expression in normal and malignant prostate, we recently reported that PSCA is expressed at low levels in the transitional epithelium of normal bladder. In the presen...

Approximately 70% to 85% of patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder present with tumors that are confined to the mucosa or submucosa. Recent articles have proposed that these tumors should be classified in one major group and treated in a similar fashion. Although a number of molecular and biologic markers can be used to segregate more aggressive tumors from those with little m...

Urine samples from the greatest proportion of the numerical workload of most clinical microbiology laboratories. During the screening by microscopy, atypical cells were detected which did not conform to the normal cellular morphology found in urinary deposits. These specimens were referred to the Department of Cytopathology for a second opinion. From these referrals a small but significant numb...

A case of transitional cell carcinoma of the kidney associated with long-term phenacetin intake is described and the practical implications discussed.

Bladder cancer is one of the most common urological malignancies. Ninety percent of the bladder tumors are transitional cell carcinomas. The most important molecular mechanism in the development of carcinogenesis is the Deletions or inactivation of the cancer suppressor genes. Several suppressor gene loci have been closely associated with bladder cancer. These include p53 on chromosome 17p, ret...

PURPOSE We report our experience with patients with imperative indications for endoscopic treatment for upper tract transitional cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between 1983 and 2004 we identified 37 patients with a solitary kidney, bilateral disease or preoperative creatinine greater than 2.0 mg/dl who underwent endoscopic treatment for localized upper tract transitional cell carcinoma...

OBJECTIVE To highlight the pattern of patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder with regards to age, sex, ethnic origin and histopathological classification. DESIGN A ten year retrospective study. SETTING Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. SUBJECTS Fifty two patients who presented at Kenyatta National Hospital over the ten year period with histologically pr...

The thyroid gland is a rare site for cancer metastasis. We report a 75-year-old man who was referred with a history of hematuria and generalized bone pain for the past few months. He had a past history of partial left lobe thyroidectomy for follicular adenoma. Subsequently he was referred for a thyroid mass and a subtotal thyroidectomy showed a poorly-differentiated carcinoma. On the latest adm...

Urothelial carcinoma developing in orthotopic ileal neobladder is an extremely rare entity. Fewer than 10 cases have been reported in the literature describing urothelial carcinoma recurrence in orthotopic ileal neobladder. We report a case of transitional cell carcinoma recurrence in orthotopic ileal neobladder after 11 years of surgery.

Following cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma a 63 year old woman developed recurrent tumours in the upper urinary tract and ileal conduit, suggesting that malignant transitional cells can auto-implant in ileal epithelium. This phenomenon has not been previously reported. We illustrate the value of retrograde urogram via an ileal conduit following cystectomy for cancer.