Characteristic models are an alternative, model based, representation for Horn expressions. It has been shown that these two representations are incomparable and each has its advantages over the other. It is therefore natural to ask what is the cost of translating , back and forth, between these representations. Interestingly, the same translation questions arise in database theory, where it ha...

We propose a symbiotic framework in which correspondences between electronic multilingual lexicons and translation example banks can be captured, so that their functions and contents may benefit and improve upon one another. Several mechanisms are used for this purpose: i.) two flexible annotation schemas, S-SSTC and SSTC+L, for supporting irregular multi-level correspondences across languages;...

We prove that for a given deterministic top-down transducer with look-ahead it is decidable whether or not its translation definable (1) by linear tree (2) homomorphism. present algorithms construct equivalent such transducers if they exist.

I describe two methods for incorporating information about the relative positions of bilingual word pairs into a Maximum Entropy/Minimum Divergence translation model. The better of the two achieves over 40% lower test corpus perplex-ity than an equivalent combination of a trigram language model and the classical IBM translation model 2.

We present the work done by Elhuyar Foundation in the field of bilingual terminology extraction. The aim of this work is to develop some techniques for the automatic extraction of pairs of equivalent terms from Spanish-Basque translation memories, and to implement those techniques in a prototype. Our approach is based on a previous monolingual extraction of term candidates in each language, the...

This article presents the findings of the study where 173 English onomastic phraseological units (PUs) were classified according to their translations into Slovene. Four groups were identified. More than 61% of all PUs belongs to the group where the translation equivalent is either descriptive or represented by a one-word equivalent. This group is followed by two groups amounting to 18.50%, i.e...

One of the necessary tasks of a machine translation system is lexical transfer. In some cases there is a one-to-one mapping from source language word to target language word. What theoretical model is followed when there is a one-to-many mapping? Unfortunately, none of the linguistic models that have been used in machine translation include a lexical transfer component. In the absence of a theo...

Two semiclassical translation ovoids of the generalized quadrangle $$H(3,q^2)$$ are isomorphic when their associated indicator sets equivalent. We study in two different settings equivalence problem for such sets. As an application, we enumerate isomorphism classes .

Figure S1. Experimental proton T1 relaxation enhancements R1, measured with a 5 mM solution of ubiquitin in the presence of 4 mM Gd(DTPA-BMA), plotted versus the R1 values predicted by a relaxation model based on translational diffusion. The experimental R1 data are the same as in Figure 2a of the main text. The predicted R1 values were calculated using equation 48 of Ayant et al. (ref. 1), wit...

In this paper we introduce a nondeterministic algorithm for translating hierarchical block diagrams (HBDs) into an abstract algebra of components with three basic composition operations (serial, parallel, and feedback) and with three constants (split, switch, and sink). We prove that despite its internal nondeterminism, the result of the algorithm is deterministic, meaning that all possible alg...