Translation has historically been performed by bilinguals equipped with specialised topic knowledge. In the mid 20 century, textual theory and discourse analysis saw emphasis on a top-down, whole-text approach that paved the way for modern professional translators as linguistic transfer experts. This professionalisation was further driven by the digital revolution in the 90s which caused a huge...

Transaction Memory (TM) is a concurrency control abstraction that allows the programmer to specify blocks of code to be executed atomically. In this paper, we consider a distributed variant of TM in which transactional memory is consistently replicated on network nodes for greater availability and fault-tolerance. We argue that opacity, a standard TM safety property, is misused when applied to ...

Decades of genetic, biochemical, biophysical, and structural studies suggest that the conformational dynamics of the translation machinery (TM), of which the ribosome is the central component, play a fundamental role in the mechanism and regulation of translation. More recently, single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) studies have provided a unique and powerful approach ...

rhetorical figures, which are frequently applied in advertisements, can add literary flavor to the texts, gratify audiences’ aesthetic needs, and deepen their impression. in advertisement translation, it is very common that the rhetorical figures applied in the original text are replaced with new ones in the translation. this research focuses on rhetorical figures’ function of enhancing audienc...

Reconstitution of CMV-specific immunity after transplant remains a primary clinical objective to prevent CMV disease, and adoptive immunotherapy of CMV-specific T cells can be an effective therapeutic approach. Because of viral persistence, most CMV-specific CD8(+) T cells become terminally differentiated effector phenotype CD8(+) T cells (TEFF). A minor subset retains a memory-like phenotype (...

This article reports on a key-logging study carried out to test the benefits of post-editing Machine Translation (MT) for the professional translator within a hypothetico-deductive framework, contrasting the outcomes of a number of variables which are inextricably linked to the professional translation process. Given the current trend of allowing the professional translator to connect to Google...

Combining a number of transactions into a single atomic transaction is an important transactional memory (TM) feature supported by many software TM (STM) implementations. This composition, however, typically results in long transactions with an increased contention probability. In consistency oblivious programming (COP), the read-only prefix of a data structure operation is performed outside of...

The automatic post-editing (APE), which can correct the translation errors, is an effective approach to improving machine translation (MT) output quality. This paper proposes a global source-aware SPE model to improve the MT translation quality leveraging pseudo-feedback to achieve the sentence specification. For a given source sentence, some similar sentences are retrieved from a translation m...

Transactional memory (TM) is a promising paradigm for concurrent programming. This paper is an overview of our recent work on defining a theory of TM. We first present a correctness condition of a TM, ensured by most existing TM implementations. Then, we describe two progress properties that characterize the two main classes of TM implementations: obstructionfree and lock-based TMs. We use thes...