In recent years, more and more wireless communications systems are required to provide also a positioning measurement. In code division multiple access (CDMA) communication systems, the positioning accuracy is significantly degraded by the multiple access interference (MAI) caused by other users in the system. This MAI is commonly managed by a power control mechanism, and yet, MAI has a major e...

Salmon production is an important industry in Scotland, with an estimated retail value >£1 billion. However, this salmon industry can be threatened by the invasion and spread of diseases. To reduce this risk, the industry is divided into management areas that are physically separated from each other. Pathogens can spread between farms by local processes such as water movement or by long-distanc...

Obtaining a quantitative understanding of the transmission dynamics of influenza A is important for predicting healthcare demand and assessing the likely impact of intervention measures. The pandemic of 2009 provides an ideal platform for developing integrative analyses as it has been studied intensively, and a wealth of data sources is available. Here, we analyse two complementary datasets in ...

This paper considers the transmission of confidential messages over noisy wireless ad hoc networks, where both background noise and interference from concurrent transmitters affect the received signals. For the random networks where the legitimate nodes and the eavesdroppers are distributed as Poisson point processes, we study the secrecy transmission capacity (STC), as well as the connection o...

in methods presented to calculate the voltage collapse point, the transmission system is usually the only part of the power system that is completely modeled. distribution systems are often replaced by aggregate load models because the use of the detailed model of distribution systems in voltage stability analysis not only increases the computation time, but also decreases the probability of co...

Bluetooth is an open specification for a technology to enable short-range wireless communications that operate in an ad hoc fashion. Bluetooth uses frequency hopping with a slot length of 625 ms. Each slot corresponds to a packet and multi-slot packets of three or five slots can be transmitted to enhance the transmission efficiency. However, the use of multi-slot packet may degrade the transmis...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the spatial pattern of leprosy case occurrences in order to identify areas with a probability of disease transmission risks. METHODS This was an ecological study in which the analysis units were municipalities in the State of São Paulo that were georeferenced at their centroids. The data source was the electronic database of notified leprosy cases at the Epidemiological S...

Pair recordings involve simultaneous whole cell patch clamp recordings from two synaptically connected neurons, enabling not only direct electrophysiological characterization of the synaptic connections between individual neurons, but also pharmacological manipulation of either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic neuron. When carried out in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures, the probabilit...

Temporal codes are believed to play important roles in neuronal representation of information. Neuronal ability to classify and learn temporal spiking patterns is thus essential for successful extraction and processing of information. Understanding neuronal learning of temporal code has been complicated, however, by the intrinsic stochasticity of synaptic transmission. Using a computational mod...