Vibrio cholerae El Tor require special in vitro culture conditions, consisting of an initial static growth period followed by shift to shaking (AKI conditions), for expression of cholera toxin (CT) and toxin coregulated pili (TCP). ToxT, a regulator whose initial transcription depends on the ToxR regulator, positively modulates expression of CT and TCP. To help understand control of CT and TCP ...

National (or regional) seismic hazard maps, determined from probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, quantify the expected intensity of shaking in a region(s) over the course of one or more desired time interval(s). Building codes use these maps to define the lateral force levels for the design of new and the retrofit of existing structures. In the past, the maps depicted the shaking intensity me...

Our ability to make logical inferences is considered as one of the cornerstones of human intelligence, fuelling investigations of reasoning abilities in non-human animals. Yet, the evidence to date is equivocal, with apes as the prime candidates to possess these skills. For instance, in a two-choice task, apes can identify the location of hidden food if it is indicated by a rattling noise cause...

Oxygen tension in the suspension medium and oxygen uptake of the isolated diaphragm of the mouse have been determined simultaneously with systematic variation of shaking frequency and oxygen concentration of the gas phase. Oxygen tension in the suspension medium reaches its final value during the usual equilibration period of 10 minutes and remains constant for the whole measuring period. Each ...

Shaken baby syndrome is a serious and clearly definable form of child abuse. It results from extreme rotational cranial acceleration induced by violent shaking or shaking/impact, which would be easily recognizable by others as dangerous. More resources should be devoted to prevention of this and other forms of child abuse.

The optimized experimental parameters of degradation obtained with a four-factor at three-level orthogonal array experimental design L18(3) were temperature, rotation speed, inoculum size and liquid level by Corynebacterium variabile in the shaking bottle as 33 , 22h after shaking at the same temperature and 120 rpm for 14h, 4%, 80mL in 150mL triangle bottle, respectively. Among four factors, l...

[1] Shaking-induced changes in permeability have been invoked to explain a wide range of hydrologic responses to earthquakes. We measure the evolution of permeability in fractured sandstone in response to repeated shaking under undrained conditions. The frequency and amplitude of the imposed shaking are similar to those from earthquakes at distances of a fault length from the ruptured fault. To...

Chest clapping, vibration, and shaking were studied in 10 physiotherapists who applied these techniques on an anesthetized animal model. Hemodynamic variables (such as heart rate, blood pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and right atrial pressure) were measured during the application of these techniques to verify claims of adverse events. In addition, expired tidal volume and peak expiratory ...

OBJECTIVES To determine if the amount of salt delivered by standard salt shakers commonly used in English independent takeaways varies between those with five and 17 holes; and to determine if any differences are robust to variations in: the amount of salt in the shaker, the length of time spent shaking, and the person serving. DESIGN Four laboratory experiments comparing the amount of salt d...

The formation of β-sheet rich prion oligomers and fibrils from native prion protein (PrP) is thought to be a key step in the development of prion diseases. Many methods are available to convert recombinant prion protein into β-sheet rich fibrils using various chemical denaturants (urea, SDS, GdnHCl), high temperature, phospholipids, or mildly acidic conditions (pH 4). Many of these methods also...