device. Abstract Aspiration of meconium produces a syndrome characterized by hypoxia, hypercapnia, and acidosis. Perinatal hypoxia, acute airway obstruction, pulmonary inflammation, pulmonary vasoconstriction, pulmonary hypertension, and surfactant inactivation all play a role in the pathogenesis of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Most aspiration of meconium probably occurs before birth. Fo...

Objectives: the objective of this paper was to study the levels of cellular hypoxia, apoptosis controlling factors in relation to the value of kidney function impairment and to evaluate possible protective effects of the treatment with antioxidant agent tocopherol in pediatric patients with nephrotic syndrome. Background: hypoxia-related disorders play an important role in irreversible tissue d...

In the present study, respiratory drives to chemical stimuli and peripheral chemosensitivity were evaluated in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSAS). The effects of oral administration of domperidone, a selective dopamine D2-receptor antagonist, were also examined, to study the respiratory effects of endogenous dopamine on peripheral chemoreceptors. Sixteen patients with OSAS and nine n...

T he character Joe from Charles Dickens’ The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club (1837) was markedly obese and often fell asleep in an uncontrollable way during the day (1). This is probably one of thefirst cases of sleep apnea syndrome described in the literature. Sleep apnea is most often due to upper airway obstructions during sleep (2) and is regarded as a national disease affecting appr...

Myoclonic contractions that may occur after hypoxia might be related to post-hypoxic status epilepticus (PHSE) or Lance Adams syndrome (LAS). It is important distinguish these two myoclonic conditions in terms of treatment and prognosis. In the literature, both PHSE LAS have not been reported pediatric age group including adolescents. Here we report an adolescent case with chronic renal failure...

COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has been shown to affect a multitude of organ systems. It often associated with vasculitis or thromboembolic disease resultant tissue hypoxia. This report presents case fast progression diabetic retinopathy in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The findings conclude that patients diabetes should be more frequently mon...

UNLABELLED This report presents the case of a 42-year-old man with liver cirrhosis who presents with breathlessness. Initial investigations are unable to explain his persistent hypoxia and a diagnosis of hepatopulmonary syndrome is considered. Saline contrast echocardiography is utilised in confirming the diagnosis. Details of this case as well as practicalities in performing and interpreting s...

BACKGROUND Down syndrome is one of the most important causes of mental retardation in the population. In the absence of prenatal screening and diagnosis, prevalence at birth in the United States would currently exceed 1:600. The purpose of prenatal screening is to identify those women at the increased risk for an affected pregnancy and to maximize the options available to these women. TESTS A...

From the discovery of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, responses to hypoxia have been considered as representative for the many alterations in lung vessels that occur in several chronic lung diseases, including pulmonary hypertension, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. An essential part of preclinical research to e...

Intermittent hypoxia, a powerful and unique stimulus, leads to physiologic changes that are distinct from those associated with either single or continuous hypoxic exposure. There is an accumulating body of evidence that the neurocognitive, inflammatory and cardiovascular symptoms that characterize the syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea are linked to the stimulus of intermittent hypoxia. In ad...