Two major earthquakes near the Central Kuril Islands (Mw=8.3 on 15 November 2006 and Mw=8.1 on 13 January 2007) generated trans-oceanic tsunamis recorded over the entire Pacific Ocean. The strongest oscillations, exceeding several meters, occurred near the source region of the Kuril Islands. Tide gauge records for both tsunamis have been thoroughly examined and numerical models of the events ha...

Tsunamis generated by earthquakes involve physical processes of different temporal and spatial scales that extend across the ocean to the shore. This paper presents a shock-capturing dispersive wave model in the spherical coordinate system for basin-wide evolution and coastal run-up of tsunamis and discusses the implementation of a two-way grid-nesting scheme to describe the wave dynamics at re...

a r t i c l e i n f o This work reports on the application and experimental validation, for idealized geometries, of a multiple-fluid Navier–Stokes model of waves generated by rigid and deforming slides, with the purpose of improving predictive simulations of landslide tsunamis. In such simulations, the computational domain is divided into water, air, and slide regions, all treated as Newtonian...

Kukuiho’olua Island is an islet that lies 164 m due north of Laie Point, a peninsula cemented, coastal, Pleistocene and Holocene sand dunes. consists the same dune deposits as Point cut by sea arch, which, documented here for first time, may have formed during 1 April 1946 “April Fools’s Day Tsunami.” The tsunami-source formation supported previous modeling other authors, which indicated geomet...

Th is We e k Having claimed more than 150,000 lives and destroyed billions of dollars' worth of property, nature last week reminded the world of the terrible cost of ignorance. Now the nations devastated by the massive earthquake and tsunami that ravaged the Bay of Bengal the morning after Christmas Day are hoping to marshal the political and scientific will to reduce the toll from the next nat...

341 In the first days after a magnitude 8.7 earthquake leveled buildings on the Sumatran islands of Nias and Simeulue on 28 March, experts wondered why it failed to generate a significant tsunami. After all, the monster quake that struck just to the north in Decem-ber spawned a tsunami that killed more than a quarter-million people. Now that they've had a chance to locate the fault rupture more...

In Japan, Japan Meteorological Agency, JMA, has the official responsibility for the public for tsunami forecasts and issuance of tsunami information. For the tsunami forecast the first step is precise and prompt estimation of the location and magnitude of the earthquake because generation of tsunami is strongly controlled by the focal depth and the magnitude of the earthquake. In case that the ...

The displacement of a large amount water in moderate-sized estuary by fast-moving mega-ship can generate tsunami-like waves. Such waves, generated cruise ships, were observed Tampa Bay, Florida, USA. Two distinct, long waves measured, which associated with the passage ship. first wave had period 5.4 min and height 0.40 m near shoreline. second 2.5 was 0.23 high. peak velocity onshore flow durin...

Eruption of volcanoes represents one of important origins of tsunami waves and is responsible for most catastrophic tsunami (Krakatau, 1883; Thira, BC). The products of volcano eruption include solids, liquids (lava) and gases. The present article presents hydrodynamic model of relatively slow process of eruption, with domination of liquids. The process of underwater eruption of lava causes the...

Numerical simulations were generated using a nonlinear shallow-water model of velocity potential to study the fundamental processes tsunami generation and amplification by atmospheric pressure waves. When an wave catches up with existing that is propagating as free over abrupt change in water depth, amplified propagates shallower water. An sloping seabed also being passed waves travel surface p...