The sphingolipid ceramide mediates various cellular processes in response to several extracellular stimuli. Some genotoxic stresses are able to induce p53-dependent ceramide accumulation leading to cell death. However, in other cases, in the absence of the tumor suppressor protein p53, apoptosis proceeds partly due to the activity of this "tumor suppressor lipid", ceramide. In the current revie...

Acetylation of C-terminal lysine residues in the p53 tumor suppressor is associated with increased stability and transcription factor activity. The function, protein level, and acetylation of p53 are downregulated by mdm2, which in its turn is inhibited by the p14 tumor suppressor. Here, we show that p14 increases the level of p53 acetylated at lysine 382 in a nuclear chromatin-rich fraction. U...

PKC isozymes are involved in the modulation of cellular pathways related with tumor progression, acting as a suppressor or promoter. In cancer cells, PKCs mutated, and most common type is loss function. This paper focuses on effect PKCδ mutation gastric cancer. LOF occurs throughout catalytic kinase domains PKCδ, disrupting activation function kinase. domain, there various potential targets, su...

p53, one of the most well studied tumor suppressor factor, is responsible to a variety of damage owing to the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the tumor cells. More than 50% of human tumors contain mutation or deletion of p53. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), as the ligand of Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R), was used to deliver p53 into tumor cells. The p...

The AP2 transcription factor family is a set of developmentally regulated, retinoic acid inducible genes composed of four related factors, AP2alpha, AP2beta, AP2gamma, and AP2delta. AP2 factors orchestrate a variety of cell processes including apoptosis, cell growth, and tissue differentiation during embryogenesis. In studies of primary malignancies, AP2alpha has been shown to function as a tum...

The tumor suppressor protein p53 is aberrantly localized to the cytoplasm of neuroblastoma cells, compromising the suppressor function of this protein. Such tumors are experimentally induced in transgenic mice expressing the large tumor (T) antigen of polyomaviruses. The oncogenic mechanisms of T antigen include complex formation with, and inactivation of, the tumor suppressor protein p53. Samp...

One of the most commonly used drugs in chemotherapy, 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU) has been shown to be effective only 10‑15% patients with colon cancer. Thus, studies mechanisms affecting 5‑FU sensitivity these are necessary. The tumor suppressor protein p53 is a transcription factor that serves important roles cell apoptosis by regulating cycle. It also characterized as key influencing drug sensitivi...

Abstract Mdm2 and MdmX are two closely related proteins that have been well-characterized as negative regulators of the tumor suppressor p53. Their interplay especially respective roles in ubiquitination subsequent degradation p53 lacked clarity. Yang colleagues now demonstrate an obligate role for recruitment E2 ubiquitin ligase UbcH5c to Mdm2-MdmX hetero-oligomer. The use elegant genetically ...

Many diverse tumors contain cells that select for mutations at the p53 gene locus. This appears to be the case because the p53 gene product can act as a negative regulator of cell division or a tumor suppressor. These mutations then eliminate this activity of the p53 gene product. The simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen binds to p53 and acts as an oncogene to promote cellular transformation ...

The tumor suppressor protein p53 coordinates the cellular response to stress through regulation of gene expression. Now, Huarte et al. (2010) identify a long intergenic noncoding RNA as a new player in p53-mediated repression of genes involved in apoptosis.