The search for cultivation practices that provide productive, social and environmental benefits to the agroecosystem is of great importance sustainable intensification agriculture. objective this study was determine effect multifunctional microorganisms (MM) mix cover crops on gas exchange, production components grain yield soybean. In field experiment, conducted by two growing seasons, experim...

Small interfering (si)RNAs isolated from Brassica juncea leaves infected by Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) were characterized by cloning and sequencing. The TuMV siRNA population was dominated by 21 and 22-nt long species originated mainly from the same siRNA hotspots, indicating operational similarity between the plant Dicer-like (DCL) enzymes. Robust GC bias was observed for TuMV siRNAs versus th...

salinity and drought stress are among the common environmental factors which adversely affect germination and growth of plants. this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of salinity and drought stress on turnip seed germination and early growth in seed lab of college of agriculture, university of tehran, during 2010. the experimental design was a complete randomized block with three...

Many satellite RNAs (sat-RNAs) can attenuate or intensify the symptoms produced by their helper virus. Sat-RNA C, associated with turnip crinkle virus (TCV), was previously found to intensify the symptoms of TCV on all plants in which TCV produced visible symptoms. However, when the coat protein open reading frame (ORF) of TCV was precisely exchanged with that of cardamine chlorotic fleck virus...