The current model of the plant cytokinetic apparatus, describing it as being composed of treadmilling microtubules, is challenged by a new study showing that these microtubules display dynamic instability.

In a topological setting in which the diamond modality is interpreted as the derivative (set of limit points) operator, we study a ‘tangled derivative’ connective that assigns to any finite set of propositions the largest set in which all those propositions are strictly dense. Building on earlier work of ourselves and others we axiomatise the resulting logic of the real line. We then show that ...

In a topological setting in which the diamond modality is interpreted as the derivative (set of limit points) operator, we study a ‘tangled derivative’ connective that assigns to any finite set of propositions the largest set in which all those propositions are strictly dense. Building on earlier work of ourselves and others we axiomatise the resulting logic of the real line. We then show that ...

One report found that visualization of tractography of the soleus muscle tended to be poorer in males than in females (1) This report also suggested that this sex difference in visualization resulted from differences in the size and variations in the pennation angle. Therefore, we concluded that there was a limitation to perfect visualization of muscles with a large and variable angle of pennat...

There has been renewed interest in recent years in McKinsey and Tarski’s interpretation of modal logic in topological spaces and their proof that S4 is the logic of any separable dense-in-itself metric space. Here we extend this work to the modal mu-calculus and to a logic of tangled closure operators that was developed by Fernández-Duque after these two languages had been shown by Dawar and Ot...

Background: Separate radon and thoron measurements in soil are very important in assessment of internal exposure due to inhalation of such radioactive gases. Materials and Methods: In this study, a low cost, small size, passive diffusion chamber has been developed for simple measurement of Radon-222 and Radon-220(Thoron) gases separately in soil. The diffusion chamber consists of two films and ...

We describe a family of quadrilateral meshes based on diamonds, rhombi with 60◦ and 120◦ angles, and kites with 60◦, 90◦, and 120◦ angles, that can be adapted to a local size function by local subdivision operations. The vertices of our meshes form the centers of the circles in a pair of dual circle packings in which each tangency between two circles is crossed orthogonally by a tangency betwee...

Introduction: Well type ionization chamber is a measuring device which is used to determine the activity of brachytherapy sources. The chamber has a cylindrical volume in which a cylindrical tube is mounted in the middle of the chamber. For the measurements, the brachytherapy sources are transferred to the middle of the tube. Materials and Methods: For designing the well type chamber, the measu...

The system S4C combines topological and temporal modalities to reason about dynamical systems. Here we consider enriching its language by generalizing the use of the topological operator to its polyadic ‘tangled’ interpretation, originally introduced by Dawar and Otto in a different context. We provide an axiomatization for the extended system and show that it is sound and complete. It uses a v...