Stratospheric ozone depletion has caused an increase in the amount of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation reaching the earth's surface. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that the effect of UV-B enhancements on plants includes reduction in grain yield, alteration in species competition, susceptibility to disease and changes in plant structure and pigmentation. Many experiments examining UV-B ...

Photocatalytic H2 evolution from ethanol dehydrogenation is a convenient strategy to store solar energy in highly valuable fuel with potential zero net CO2 balance. Herein, we report on the synthesis of CoTiO3/TiO2 composite catalysts controlled amounts distributed CoTiO3 nanodomains for photocatalytic dehydrogenation. We demonstrate these materials provide outstanding hydrogen rates under UV a...

A new ultraviolet (UV)-A/B absorbing pigment with maxima at 312 and 330 nanometers from the cosmopolitan terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc commune is described. The pigment is found in high amounts (up to 10% of dry weight) in colonies grown under solar UV radiation but only in low concentrations in laboratory cultures illuminated by artificial light without UV. Its experimental induction by UV...

BACKGROUND Cumulative exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV) is a risk factor for development of skin cancer. We estimated changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among Nevada school-age children following implementation of a program to decrease UV exposure. COMMUNITY CONTEXT The Nevada Cancer Coalition's Sun Smart Schools pilot program was implemented in 7 Nevada schools during the 20...

This paper compares the use of ultraviolet germicidal irradiaiton (UVGI) with increased ventilation flow rate to minimize the risk from airborne bacteria in hospital isolation rooms. Results show that the number of particles deposited on surfaces and vented out is greater in magnitude than the number killed by UV light and that the numbers for these two mechanisms are large compared to the tota...

BACKGROUND The use of clothing as a means of sun protection has been recommended in recent education campaigns. Contrary to popular opinion, however, some fabrics provide insufficient ultraviolet (UV) protection. MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigated 236 apparel textiles of the spring/summer collections 2000 and 2001. In accordance with the forthcoming European standard the UV protection facto...

The functional significance of phlorotannins as ultraviolet radiation screens in brown algae is presented. Spectral analysis of zoospore suspensions of the three Arctic Laminariales Saccorhiza dermatodea, Alaria esculenta and Laminaria digitata showed strong absorption in the UV waveband, characteristic of phlorotannins. An induction in the synthesis of the UV-absorbing compound in zoospore sus...

the present study was designed to investigate the protective effect of ethanol extracts from lindera coreana leaves (lce) on uvb-induced oxidative stress in hacat keratinocytes. the hacat cells were pretreated with lce for 24 h and then exposed to uvb (20 mj/cm2) for 2 h. uvb significantly decreased the cell viability (p<0.05). lce did not exhibit significantly cytotoxic effects and increased t...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to understand the mechanism of apoptosis occurring on a cultured human lens epithelial cell line after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. We intended to confirm the presence of cellular toxicity and apoptosis and to reveal the roles of p53, caspase 3 and NOXA in these processes. METHODS Cells were irradiated with an ultraviolet lamp. Cellular toxicity was...