We present an analytical calculation of the electrostatic interaction in a plectonemic supercoil within the Poisson-Boltzmann approximation. Undulations of the supercoil strands arising from thermal motion couple nonlinearly with the electrostatic interaction, giving rise to a strong enhancement of the bare interaction. In the limit of fairly tight winding, the free energy of a plectonemic supe...

This paper presents SIMUUN, a block-based simulation environment, which has been developed on top of Matlab/SimulinkTM, in order to facilitate research into various aspects of undulatory locomotion in biology and robotics. Simulations of snake-like mechanisms are set up in this environment by connecting customizable SIMUUN body segment modules via appropriate joint blocks, which are activated e...

that there are more possible electron positions available than there are valency electrons to fill them, and the question also arises as to which of the radii are to be selected in those cases when two types of lattice are possible. If we knew definitely just how a single electron scatters X-rays these two questions could be easily settled by a quantitative consideration of the intensities of t...

Jennifer M. Rieser, ∗ Perrin E. Schiebel, Arman Pazouki, Feifei Qian, † Zachary Goddard, Andrew Zangwill, Dan Negrut, and Daniel I. Goldman ‡ School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA Department of Mechanical Engineering, California State University, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atla...

We numerically investigate the effects of non-Newtonian fluid properties, including shear thinning and elasticity, on the locomotion of Taylor’s swimming sheet with arbitrary amplitude. Our results show that elasticity hinders the swimming speed, but a shear-thinning viscosity in the absence of elasticity enhances the speed. The combination of the two effects, modelled using a Giesekus constitu...

We probe the viscous forces involved in the undulatory swimming of the model organism C. elegans. Using micropipette deflection, we attain direct measurements of lateral and propulsive forces produced in response to the motion of the worm. We observe excellent agreement of the results with resistive force theory, through which we determine the drag coefficients of this organism. The drag coeffi...

atmospheric visibility is a key factor in everyday life mainly in aviation, industry and surface traffic. it has been defined as the greatest distance at which an observer can just see a black object viewed against the horizon sky which is known as the visual range. furthermore, light extinction which is mostly due to absorption and scattering effects of aerosols in the atmosphere, can be calcu...

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In order to improve the performance of AUVs in terms of efficiency and maneuverability, researchers have proposed biomimetic propulsion systems that swim using flapping fins rather than rotary propellers. This calls for the exploration of unique locomotion characteristics found in a variety of fish for use in underwater robots. (Sfakiotakis et. al., 1999) present a good review of fish swimming ...