The pattern extraction and discovery of useful information from a dataset are the foremost purposes of data mining; the multiple attempts and strong beliefs in the development and the formulation of the unified data mining frameworks that would answer to the fundamental versions related to the discovery of knowledge. In this paper we are presenting a novel unified framework for data mining conc...

Carpenter, R. H. S. Homeostasis: a plea for a unified approach. Adv Physiol Educ 28: S180–S187, 2004; doi:10.1152/advan.00012.2004.—Accompanying the progressive erosion of a coherent sense of physiology as an intellectual discipline, there has been a tendency to lose sight of the homeostatic principles that underpin physiological science, and to teach them in an oversimplified form. When (as is...

-In this paper, we show that Otsu's image thresholding, Kittler and Illingworth's minimum error thresholding, and Huang and Wang's fuzzy thresholding methods can be derived under a similar mathematical formulation. The difference among the three methods is the choice of different weighting functions for computing a criterion function that can be considered as a weighted summation of the image g...

The Peccei-Quinn symmetric extension of the missing-partner model in the supersymmetric SU(5) grand unified model is consistent with the observed stability of the proton, even in the large tan β region (' 50 − 60) expected from the Yukawa unification. Moreover, the SU(5) gauge coupling constant remains small enough for the perturbative description of GUT’s below the gravitational scale. Talk gi...

Most formal techniques of automated reasoning are either rooted in logic or in probability theory. These areas have a long tradition in science, particularly among philosophers and mathematicians. More recently, computer scientists have discovered logic and probability theory to be the two key techniques for building intelligent systems which rely on reasoning as a central component. Despite nu...

The power and prestige of science is typically thought to be grounded in the ability of scientists to draw strong distinctions between scientific and nonscientific interests. This article shows that it is also grounded in a contradictory act: the demonstration of the compatibility between scientific and nonscientific interests. Between 1955 and 1975, American political protest forced scientists...

Galileo wrote that "the book of nature is written in the language of mathematics"; his quantitative approach to understanding the natural world arguably marks the beginning of modern science. Nearly 400 years later, the fragmented teaching of science in our universities still leaves biology outside the quantitative and mathematical culture that has come to define the physical sciences and engin...

The traditional CS1 syllabus focuses almost entirely on elementary programming concepts and leaves little time to explore the broad discipline of computer science, including the many exciting developments in artificial intelligence. Hence, some students who take the CS1 course develop the misconception that computer science involves little more than programming, and they decide not to study it ...

Distributed computing is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems. With the increasing computing capacity of computers it is widely used to solve large problems. Monitoring system is one of the key components in distributed computing. Although there have been varieties of monitoring systems developed by different organizations, it is still a great challenge to monitor a hete...

Messaging is an essential aspect of human communication and with the advance in technology and the merging technologies in telecommunications and computers, unified messaging has become very popular. Products that can unify email, voice mail and facsimile are reaching the market. These products will allow users to save time and money and provide them with an efficient way to manage different fo...