There is a high incidence of upper respiratory viral infections in the human population, with infection severity being unique to each individual. Upper viruses have been associated previously secondary bacterial infection, however, several cross-sectional studies analyzed literature indicate that an inverse relationship can also occur. Pathobiont abundance and/or dysbiosis impair epithelial int...

Conflicting reports regarding the hazards of anaesthesia in children presenting for surgery with an upper respiratory tract infection have appeared in the literature. In the present study 130 children undergoing general anaesthesia with face mask for myringotomy and grommet insertion were graded as having either an acute or recent upper respiratory tract infection or were asymptomatic according...

Among 214 patients consulting their general practitioner with upper respiratory tract infection, differences in expectation were apparent between Whites, Afro-Caribbeans and Asians. Significantly more Asians (84%) wanted prescriptions for antibiotics and/or other medication than did Afro-Caribbeans (72%) or Whites (47%) (P<O.001). There were no significant differences in terms of what was recei...

Particle size dictates where aerosolized pathogens deposit in the respiratory tract, thereafter the pathogens potential to cause disease is influenced by tissue tropism, clearance kinetics and the host immunological response. This interplay brings pathogens into contact with a range of tissues spanning the respiratory tract and associated anatomical structures. In animal models, differential de...

Introduction Feline upper respiratory tract disease (FURTD) is also known as feline upper respiratory infection or “cat flu”. FURTD is caused by several agents and a common problem in kitten and young cats, especially in multi-cat households, e.g. animal shelters. Upper respiratory infections in cats are one of the leading causes of euthanasia in these environments. Transmission is facilitated ...

BACKGROUND In 2005 northern parts of Pakistan were hit by an earthquake of magnitude 7.6 on rector scale. Fatima Memorial Hospital established a Primary Health care centre in village of Jared in Kaghan valley. The objective of the study was to find the pattern of different diseases presetting to health centre. METHODS All cases between August 2006 and December 2008 were included from the dail...

this study was undertaken to define the prevalence of the upper gastrointestinal (gi) lesions, dyspeptic symptoms, h.pylori infection, and the impact of duration of dialysis on upper gi symptoms and lesions of children with end-stage renal disease. we studied 69 children with esrd who were under regular hemodialysis therapy in our department. the age of the patients were between 4-18 years (mea...

In order to better understand the global approach and country differences in physicians' usage, knowledge, and attitudes towards natural remedies and homeopathy in pediatric practice, an online survey involving 582 general pediatricians and general practitioners treating pediatric diseases was conducted in 6 countries. Overall, 17% of the pediatric prescriptions refer to phytotherapy and 15% re...

Common infections we see every day in the office--urinary tract infections, vaginitis, upper respiratory tract infections, and soft-tissue infections--present a number of diagnostic and treatment uncertainties. In this age of growing antibiotic resistance, these include if and when to start antibiotic therapy, and which agents to use.