following the collapse of the soviet :union: and independence of former soviet :union:republics, previous economic relations among centralasianrepublics changed and were replaced with the market economy. tensions have emerged between upstream and downstream countries located along transboundary rivers with downstream countries even resorting to threat of military action against possible restric...

Organizations operating in the oil and gas sector face enormous challenges, including the pressing need to find and exploit new energy supplies, greater regulatory pressures, new workflow requirements, and the demands of a a changing professional labor force. At the same time, upstream companies face a serious and growing risk from cyber-attacks, malicious software, and other threats against th...

We challenge the view that the presence of powerful buyers stifles suppliers’ incentives to innovate. Following Katz (1987), we model countervailing (or buyer) power as the ability of, in particular, large buyers to substitute away from a given supplier. We employ a bargaining framework and find that the presence of larger and more powerful buyers increases a supplier’s incentives to reduce mar...

The evolutionarily conserved checkpoint protein kinase, TOR (target of rapamycin), has emerged as a major effector of cell growth and proliferation via the regulation of protein synthesis. Work in the last decade clearly demonstrates that TOR controls protein synthesis through a stunning number of downstream targets. Some of the targets are phosphorylated directly by TOR, but many are phosphory...

We study here the discretisation of the nonlinear hyperbolic equation ut + div(vf(u)) = 0 in IR 2 IR+, with given initial condition u(:; 0) = u0(:) in IR 2 , where v is a function from IR 2 IR+ to IR 2 such that divv = 0 and f is a given nondecreasing function from IR to IR. An explicit Euler scheme is used for the time discretisation of the equation, and a triangular mesh for the spatial discr...

Nursing practice often brings the nurse into an intimate relationship with suffering individuals and vulnerable communities. To fully and effectively conduct our practice and pursue our scholarship, the socially unjust systems that maintain the vulnerability of whole populations must be addressed through broader political participation and the examination of broken systems (Bekemeier & Butterfi...

“Bufferbloat” is the growth in buffer size that has led Internet delays to occasionally exceed the light propagation delay from the Earth to the Moon. Manufacturers have built in large buffers to prevent losses on Wi-Fi, cable and ADSL links. But the combination of some links’ limited bandwidth with TCP’s tendency to saturate that bandwidth results in excessive queuing delays. In response, new ...

Organizations operating in the oil and gas sector face enormous challenges, including the pressing need to find and exploit new energy supplies, greater regulatory pressures, new workflow requirements, and the demands of a a changing professional labor force. At the same time, upstream companies face a serious and growing risk from cyber-attacks, malicious software, and other threats against th...