In the relation between urban development and the Viennese Danube different periods can be identified from the late 17th to the early 20th century. These periods were strongly intertwined with both the history of the river and the history of the city. Urban expansion into the floodplains is demonstrated in this paper by investigating the island Unterer Werd, next to the city centre. In the late...

The increase of the urban warming phenomenon all over world is gaining increasing attention from scientists as well planners and policymakers due to its adverse effects on energy consumption, health, wellbeing, air pollution. protection areas outdoor one challenges that policy governments have tackle soon possible in best way. Among heat island mitigation techniques, cool materials greening are...

Urban Heat Islands increase surface temperatures which impact the health and well-being of urban populations. Radiative forcing is impacted by changes to land associated with urbanization that are particularly significant immediately after sunset. This paper aimed analyze behavior UHI in different Local Climate Zones (LCZ) Bragança city (Portugal), using Air Temperature (Ta), satellite images (...

The urban heat island effect 1 can be detected throughout the year, but it is of particular public policy concern during the summer, because higher surface air temperature is associated with increases in electricity demand for air conditioning, air pollution, and heat stress–related mortality and illness (Rosenfeld et al. 1995; Nowak et al. 2000; Sailor et al. 2002; Hogrefe et al. 2004). In New...

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An urban heat island (UHI) is a phenomenon whereby urban areas experience elevated temperatures relative to the surrounding rural hinterland. This thermal contrast is brought about by anthropogenic modification of the environment. For example, there is little bare earth and vegetation in urban areas. This means that less energy is used in evaporating water, less of the Sun’s energy is reflected...

Urban heat island is among the most evident aspects of human impacts on the earth system. Here we assess the diurnal and seasonal variation of surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII) defined as the surface temperature difference between urban area and suburban area measured from the MODIS. Differences in SUHII are analyzed across 419 global big cities, and we assess several potential biophy...

Urban green infrastructures offer thermal regulation to mitigate urban heat island effects. To gain a better understanding of the cooling ability transpiring plants at leaf level, we developed method measure time series data with miniaturized, uncalibrated infrared camera. We examined canopy temperature four characteristic living wall (Heuchera x cultorum, Bergenia cordifolia, Geranium sanguine...