abstract aims: fluoride is one of the anions present in soil and water, and determining its level in drinking water is vital for preventing dental and bone diseases in societies. this research aimed to determine fluoride concentrations in drinking water sources of rural and urban areas of babol city, iran. instrument & methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in babol city,...

To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in school children of Shariar, 1902 students (58 % male, 42 % female) were randomly selected from 22 schools in rural and urban regions of Shahriar. After filling out a questionnaire from the selected students, fresh stool samples were examined for the presence of intestinal parasites and determining this tynos. The age of study population wa...

nowadays, with population growth in urban areas, providing safe water and health is considered basic needs of human, alongside the various pollutants due to urban activities, agriculture and industrial areas on adjacent ranges into urban water resources around the environment is such that study necessary to prevent the pollution of water resources and identification of pollution sources shows. ...

BACKGROUND In this study we evaluate differences between rural and urban areas in the causes and incidence of fatal poisonings. METHODS Data from all fatal poisonings that occurred in Northern Finland from 2007 to 2011 were retrieved from Cause of Death Registry death certificates provided by Statistics Finland. The demographics and causes of fatalities were compared between rural and urban a...

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