In plants whose flowers develop in a sequence, different flowers may exhibit temporal variation in pollen donation and receipt such that the fitness contributions through male and female functions can vary among flowers. Dichogamy, or directional pollinator movements within inflorescences, can create situations where flowers in different stages in the sequence may differ in the numbers of flowe...

That hummingbird-pollinated plants predominantly have red flowers has been known for decades, but well-investigated research studies are still rare. Preference tests have shown that hummingbirds do not have an innate preference for red colours. In addition, hummingbirds do not depend solely upon red flowers, because white-flowered hummingbird-pollinated plants are also common and temporarily ab...

'The great appear great, because we are on our knees. Let us rise!,' wrote Larkin. Jean Faugier ( 1 ) described the 'tall poppy syndrome' and spoke of 'bold, nonconformist', brightly- coloured flowers being chopped down mercilessly by farmers just because they were different and stood above the rest in the wheatfields.

Suicide is a serious social and health problem in Korea [1]. According to a 2005 report by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [2], Korea had the highest suicide rate with nearly 30 deaths per 100,000 population. Many studies have found that suicidal ideation and attempts among lesbians, gay men, and bisexual persons are higher than among heterosexual individuals (or gener...

This is an experimental review essay responding to Michael Marder’s Plant-Thinking: A Philosophy of Vegetal Life (New York: Columbia University Press, 2013). The essay departs from the ordinary structure of comparing three books on a similar theme. Instead three of Marder’s concepts, plant “nourishment,” “desire” and “language” are explored through readings of Gabrielle de Vietri’s installation...

background : toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease caused by the ascarid of dogs and cats, the main representative of which is a toxocara canis . distribution of the disease is world wide and is more prevalent in children. the present study was carried out in children of kashmir valley, to determine the toxocariasis seropositivity. methods : for the present seroepidemiological study, blood samples...

Historians of science have often neglected the eighteenth century because it lacks famous figureheads like Isaac Newton or Charles Darwin, yet this was a crucial period when science started to become established and gain prestige, writes Patricia Fara in a new book*. With their Enlightenment contemporaries, Carl Linnaeus in Sweden and Joseph Banks in Britain illustrate how scientific research w...