In this chapter we describe the preparation of polyimide thin films by physical vapour deposition and comment on their potential application as a pure material or a thin layer matrix for producing nanocomposite layers. Their superb properties, such as a low dielectric constant, high thermaland photo-stability, high chemical resistance and high optical transmittance predetermine their widespread...

The present study was conducted to provide toxicological data on e-cigarette vapours of different e-cigarette brands and liquids from systems viewed as leaders in the e-cigarette market and to compare e-cigarette vapour toxicity to the toxicity of conventional strong high-nicotine cigarette smoke. Using an adapted version of a previously constructed cigarette smoke constituent sampling device, ...

We propose a model for liquids with bubbles calling upon the theory of continua with microstructure. In addition to the contraction and expansion of bubbles due to pressure already included in models available in the literature on such continua, we take into account possible phase changes at the bubble surfaces. To begin with, we consider here the simplest constitutive assumptions for both phas...

Improved total atmospheric water vapour amount determination from near-infrared filter measurements with sun photometers F. Mavromatakis, C. A. Gueymard, and Y. Franghiadakis Department of Scienses, Technological Education Institute of Crete, Estavromenos, P.O. Box 1939, 710 04 Heraklion, Crete, Greece Solar Consulting Services, P.O. Box 392, Colebrook, NH 03576, USA Received: 14 March 2007 – A...

Global total water vapour columns have been derived from measurements of the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 2 (GOME-2) on MetOp. For this purpose, the Air Mass Corrected Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (AMC-DOAS) method has been adapted, having previously been applied successfully to GOME (on ERS-2) and SCIAMACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartog...

Econometrics has a long history as the technique of choice for testing the merits of alternative hypotheses across most of the social sciences as well as many of the natural and materials sciences, not to mention pharmaceutical science, where it is widely used to evaluate the efficacy of alternative medications, including the use of placebos as counterfactuals. However its greatest value is in ...

Liquid/vapour interfaces govern the behaviour of a wide range of systems but remain poorly understood, leaving ample margin for the exploitation of intriguing functionalities for applications. Here, we systematically investigate the role of liquid/vapour interfaces in the transport of water across apposing liquid menisci in osmosis membranes comprising short hydrophobic nanopores that separate ...

vapor-liquid equilibrium in nh3-co2-h2o system at high pressures has been studied. the uniquac-nrf model for this system was extended by using the goppert 4 maurer reported datas. since the system contains molecules and ionic species the binary interaction parameters considered, where those are of molecule-molecule, molecule-ion and ion-ion types. these interaction parameters are taken as const...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify meteorological factors that could be associated with an increased risk of community-acquired Legionnaires' disease (LD) in two Swiss regions. DESIGN Retrospective epidemiological study using discriminant analysis and multivariable Poisson regression. SETTING We analysed legionellosis cases notified between January 2003 and December 2007 and w...

A new molecular simulation method for the calculation of vapour-liquid equilibria of mixtures is presented. In this method, the independent thermodynamic variables are temperature and liquid composition. In the first step, one isobaric isothermal simulation for the liquid phase is performed, in which the chemical potentials of all components and their derivatives with respect to the pressure, i...