BACKGROUND The negative feedback system is an important physiological regulatory mechanism controlling angiogenesis. Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-1 (sFlt-1), acts as a potent endogenous soluble inhibitor of VEGF- and placenta growth factor (PlGF)-mediated biological function and can also form dominant-negative complexes with competent full-length VEGF receptors. ...

CD44v6, a member of the CD44 family of transmembrane glycoproteins is a co-receptor for two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), Met and VEGFR-2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2). CD44v6 is not only required for the activation of these RTKs but also for signalling. In order to understand the role of CD44v6 in Met and VEGFR-2 activation and signalling we tested whether CD44v6 binds to...

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) kinase inhibition is a well-established strategy to promptly tackle tumor growth by suppression of angiogenesis. We report herein a series of 5-anilinoquinazoline derivatives substituted by 1,3-disubstituted urea. All the newly synthesized compounds described were evaluated for VEGFR-2 kinase inhibition and antiproliferative activity again...

Background. This study aimed at determining the relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3), and contactin-1 (CNTN-1) expression in gastric cancer (GC). Methods. The expression level of CNTN-1 mRNA and CNTN-1 protein of 33 cases was determined using RT-PCR and Western Blot. And 105 cases were immunohistochemically e...

BACKGROUND Receptor tyrosine kinases that include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR)-1, VEGFR-2, and Tie-2 regulate cardiovascular development and physiological and pathological angiogenesis. We were interested in the phenotypic and functional characterization of peripheral blood cells expressing these receptors and their therapeutic potential in vascular injury. METHODS AND RESULTS V...

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (VEGFR-TKI), an oral molecular targeted drug, reportedly causes serious adverse cardiovascular events such as hypertension and left ventricular failure. The association between VEGFR-TKI-induced heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (LVEF) (HFpEF) has been previously studied. Therefore, we investigated the rel...

Human CD133 (AC133)(+)CD34(+) stem and progenitor cells derived from fetal liver and from bone marrow and blood incorporate a functional population of circulating endothelial precursor cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) regulates cardiovascular development and physiological and pathological lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. However, the origin of VEGFR-3(+) endothe...

Solid tumors express a range of factors required to sustain their growth and promote their dissemination. Among these are vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), the key angiogenic stimulant, and VEGF-C, a primary mediator of lymphangiogenesis. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors offer the potential to inhibit more than one kinase and impede tumor growth by multiple mechanisms. How...

We studied growth factors and their receptors in tumor cells and tumor-associated endothelial cells as the therapeutic targets in colon cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis of 13 surgical specimens of human colon adenocarcinoma revealed that both tumor cells and tumor-associated endothelial cells in 11 of the 13 specimens expressed the epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor a...

10 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 12 1. The VEGF family 12 1.1. Growth factors 1.1.1. Vascular endothelial groth factor (VEGF-A) 12 1.1.2. VEGF-B 13 1.1.3. VEGF-C 13 1.1.4. VEGF-D 15 1.1.5. VEGF-E 16 1.2. The VEGF receptors 16 1.2.1. VEGFR-1 (or FLT1) 17 1.2.2. VEGFR-2 (KDR) 17 1.2.3. NEUROPILIN-1 (or receptor for VEGF165) 17 1.2.4. VEGFR-3 (or Flt4) 19 2. The Angiopoietin/Tie family 19 2.1. Growth f...