A postherpetic-neuralgia patient abruptly discontinued pregabalin. Thirty hours later, unexplained nausea, headache, and ataxia developed, progressing to delirium 8 days later. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated T2-hyperintense lesions of her splenium. Similar magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities, interpreted as focal vasogenic edema, develop in some epileptic patients after rapid anticon...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are extracellular enzymes that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown, contusion expansion, and vasogenic edema after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Specifically, in focal injury models, increased MMP-9 expression has been observed in pericontusional brain, and MMP-9 inhibitors reduce brain swelling and final lesion vol...

Glioblastoma multiforme; Necrotic focus; Vasogenic edema; Bilateral filter; Contrast limited adaptive histogram equilization Abstract This paper does the qualitative comparison of Fuzzy C-means (FCM) and k-Means segmentation, with histogram guided initialization, on tumor edema complex MR images. The accuracy of any segmentation scheme depends on its ability to distinguish different tissue clas...

A 5-8% of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) develop symptoms of cerebral disease.1 Stroke and cerebral thrombo-embolism are commonly seen while sinus thrombosis occurs rarely.1 These complications have been attributed to the increase in blood flow and viscosity. Vasogenic edema, an increase in the blood brain barrier (BBB) vascular permeability, which contributes to brain tissue damage is...

During cerebral ischemia blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is a critical event leading to vasogenic edema and secondary brain injury. Gelatinases A and B are matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) able to open the BBB. The current study analyzes by zymography the early gelatinases expression and activation during permanent ischemia in mice (n = 15). ProMMP-9 expression was significantly (P < 0.001)...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2), is a major factor driving leukocyte infiltration into the brain parenchyma in a variety of neuropathologic conditions associated with inflammation, including stroke. In addition, recent studies indicate that CCL2 and its receptor (CCR2) could have an important role in regulating blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeabili...

Brain edema is an important pathological process during stroke. Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) causes an up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in lung tissue. MMP can digest the endothelial basal lamina to destroy blood brain barrier, leading to vasogenic brain edema. Herein, we tested whether TRPV4-blockage could inhibit brain edema through inhibitin...