A capacitated location-routing problem (CLRP) is one of the new areas of research in distribution management. It consists of two problems; locating of facilities and routing of the vehicle with a specific capacity. The purpose of the CLRP is to open a set of stores, allocate customers to established deposits, and then design vehicle tours in order to minimize the total cost. In this paper, a ne...

Time-dependent vehicle routing problem (TDVRP) is concerned with vehicle routing optimization in road networks with fluctuant link travel time. Firstly, Time-dependent functions about routing time indicator and routing threat indicator are introduced. Secondly, a time-dependent heuristic function including routing distance indicator, routing time indicator and routing threat indicator is constr...