In this study, we apply a clustering algorithm to ISCCP Cloud Optical Thickness – Cloud Top Pressure histograms in order to derive Weather States (WS) for the global domain. The cloud property distribution within each WS is examined and the geographical variability of each WS is mapped. Once the global weather states are derived, a combination of CloudSat/CALIPSO vertical cloud structure retrie...

In view of the abnormal phenomenon that a flood peak increased in August 2004 and July 2005 along the lower Yellow River, the experiments of this abnormal phenomenon is studied. It is found that the flood increase was due to the decrease the channel roughness in the propagation of high concentrated flood carrying the extra fine sediment which was discharged from xiaolangdi reservoir. Experiment...

The triple jump is an athletic event involving three ground contact phases during which athletes must trade off the maintenance of horizontal velocity against the generation of vertical velocity. Previous studies have indicated that individual athletes have a linear relationship between the loss in horizontal velocity and the gain in vertical velocity during each phase. This study used computer...

In this research, the effect of friction between the liquid metal and the sand mould wall and the effect of passage of liquid through a vertical bend and through a ceramic filter on the fluid flow and the melt velocity has been studied by measuring the velocity of the melt and direct observation of the liquid flow through the different parts of a naturally-pressurized running system. The fricti...

Noise measurements were carried out in the Cologne area (Germany), and the resonance frequency of each site was estimated from the main peak in the spectral ratio between the horizontal and vertical component. For 32 of these sites, the thickness of the sedimentary cover was known from boreholes, and a clear correlation between resonance frequency and sediment thickness was observed. A formula ...

This paper describes some of the microphysical and kinematic properties of precipitating systems associated with a typhoon using Chug-Li VHF radar. In order to gain a better understanding of these mechanisms and the vertical structure of the precipitation associated with a typhoon at different stages of development, an analysis has been carried out of the radar back-scattered signal in order to...

The spatial structure and phase velocity of tropopause disturbances localized around the subpolar jet in the Southern Hemisphere are investigated using 6-hourly European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis data covering 15 yr (1979–93). The phase velocity and phase structure of the tropopause disturbances are in good agreement with those of an edge wave vertically trapped at th...

The activation of aerosols to form cloud droplets is dependent upon vertical velocities whose local variability is not typically resolved at the GCM grid scale. Consequently, it is necessary to represent the subgrid-scale variability of vertical velocity in the calculation of cloud droplet number concentration. This study uses the UK Chemistry and Aerosols community model (UKCA) within the Hadl...

In transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI media), we can represent the image in vertical time, as opposed to depth, thus eliminating the inherent ambiguity of resolving the vertical P-wave velocity from surface seismic data. In this new (x − τ )-domain, the raytracing and eikonal equations are completely independent of the vertical P-wave velocity, on the condition t...

In transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI media), we represent the image in vertical time, as opposed to depth, thus eliminating the inherent ambiguity of resolving the vertical P-wave velocity from surface seismic data. In this new (x±t)-domain, the ray tracing and eikonal equations are completely independent of the vertical P-wave velocity, with the condition that ...