OBJECTIVE Heart rate (HR) changes, mainly tachycardia, are often observed during seizures originating from the temporal lobe. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of ictal HR changes in localizing both mesial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in a group of 68 patients. The influence of the gender and the side of epilepsy on HR modulation was also evaluated. METHODS Ictal HR wa...

A 7-month-old boy with glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) presented with 1 week of clustered flexor spasms. Examination revealed mild axial hypotonia without encephalopathy. Video-EEG monitoring revealed hypsarrhythmia and infantile spasms (figure, A). MRI showed acute basal ganglia injury (figure, B). After 3 weeks of prednisolone treatment, 5-month follow-up showed continued resolution of hypsarr...

Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) need to be differentiated from epileptic seizures as the management varies for both. Presence of tongue biting, falling and urinary incontinence favors a diagnosis of epileptic seizures. We report two children with features suggestive of epileptic seizures that were eventually diagnosed as PNES with the help of video-EEG monitoring.

BACKGROUND Stroke is the second most common cause of seizures in term neonates and is associated with abnormal long-term neurodevelopmental outcome in some cases. OBJECTIVE To aid diagnosis earlier in the postnatal period, our aim was to describe the characteristic EEG patterns in term neonates with perinatal arterial ischaemic stroke (PAIS) seizures. DESIGN Retrospective observational stud...

A thorough understanding of the clinical and EEG correlates of complex partial seizures has been achieved over the last decade, mainly as a result of the utilization of long term EEG-video monitoring technique in the pre-operative investigation of patients with focal cerebral seizures who are considered for surgical therapy (1-17). Evidence derived from EEG-video recording of complex partial se...

More therapeutic options (surgical and pharmacologic) are available for partial than for generalized epilepsies. This report describes and analyzes a possible bias to diagnose focal epilepsies. Data were prospectively collected on patients who underwent noninvasive prolonged EEG-video monitoring over a 2-year period at an epilepsy program. Cases where the diagnosis of 'partial seizures' (after ...

BACKGROUND Headache can be associated with epilepsy as a pre-ictal, ictal, or post-ictal phenomenon; however, studies of patients with headache as an epileptic aura are scarce. We performed the present study to investigate the incidence and characteristics of headache as an epileptic aura, via confirmation of electroencephalography (EEG) changes by video-EEG monitoring. METHODS Data of aura a...

We present 2 term newborn infants with apneic seizure originating in the occipital lobe that was diagnosed by video-EEG. One infant had ischemic infarction in the distribution of the posterior cerebral artery, extending to the cingulate gyrus. In the other infant, only transient occipital hyperechogenicity was observed by using neurosonography. In both cases, although the critical EEG discharge...

A man aged 38 years has a history of refractory epilepsy dating back to age 11 months. His daily seizures are complex partial (see video clip 1 on the Neurology Web site) with nonlocalizing motor components. The events have resulted in numerous bouts of status epilepticus despite having tried seven distinct antiepileptic drugs. An MRI (figure 1A) shows a right parietal area of heterotopic gray ...