The risk posed by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2) dictates that live-virus research is conducted in a biosafety level 3 (BSL3) facility. Working with SARS-CoV-2 at lower levels can expedite yet requires the virus to be fully inactivated. In this study, we validated and compared two protocols for inactivating SARS-CoV-2: heat treatment ultraviolet irradiation. metho...

Sunlight is known to be a pertinent factor governing the infectivity of waterborne viruses in the environment. Sunlight inactivates viruses via endogenous inactivation (promoted by absorption of solar light in the UVB range by the virus) and exogenous processes (promoted by adsorption of sunlight by external chromophores, which subsequently generate inactivating reactive species). The extent of...

Virus is known to resonate in the confined-acoustic dipolar mode with microwave of the same frequency. However this effect was not considered in previous virus-microwave interaction studies and microwave-based virus epidemic prevention. Here we show that this structure-resonant energy transfer effect from microwaves to virus can be efficient enough so that airborne virus was inactivated with re...

OBJECTIVES The relative importance of airborne, droplet and contact transmission of influenza A virus and the efficiency of control measures depends among other factors on the inactivation of viruses in different environmental media. METHODS We systematically review available information on the environmental inactivation of influenza A viruses and employ information on infectious dose and res...

The quantum yield for the inactivation of tobacco mosaic virus has been determined at 253.7 mmicro and found to be 4.3 x 10(-6). The possible significance of the observed one-hit process of inactivation has been discussed in terms of the kinetics and the rupture of model substances including nucleic acid. The ultraviolet light inactivation, which proceeds independent of oxygen, occurs without c...

Introduction of a new influenza virus in humans urges quick analysis of its virological and immunological characteristics to determine the impact on public health and to develop protective measures for the human population. At present, however, the necessity of executing pandemic influenza virus research under biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) high-containment conditions severely hampers timely charact...

The question of a possible relationship between the RNA content of poliovirus and its reactivity as Nor H-antigen was examined with double-labeled virus preparations (32P-RNA, 14C-Protein). The following results were obtained: 1. Complete virus particles containing RNA may be Nor H-reactive. 2. Heat inactivation of poliovirus causes dissociation of capsid and RNA. 3. Under certain experimental ...

The inactivation of the simian immunodeficiency viruses SIVmac251 and SIVagm by pressures of 150 and 250 MPa was determined. The extent of inactivation depended on the time that the virus was subjected to compression as well as the level of the pressure and at 150 Mpa reached 5 log10 dilution units after approximately 10 hr. The inactivations, which were uniformly carried out at room temperatur...

Disinfection of produce is principally used to inactivate spoilage microbes and may also reduce the risk of consumer exposure to enteric pathogens. However, the rate and extent of enteric virus inactivation by free chlorine on produce has not been adequately characterized. Experiments were performed to determine the kinetics of free chlorine inactivation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and the indic...

following illumination with visible light. While entero viruses show remarkable resistance to this method of in activation, all other viruses, including the myxovirus group, display sensitivity (2, 3). The photodynamic in activation of fowl plague viruses was reported in 1934 (1), and similar inactivation of the influenza A virus, in 1956 (3, 6). Complete inactivation of 10@ ID@ of the PR8 infl...