BACKGROUND Visceral adipose tissue foam cells are increased in human obesity, and were implicated in adipose dysfunction and increased cardio-metabolic risk. In the circulation, non-classical monocytes (NCM) are elevated in obesity and associate with atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that circulating NCM correlate and/or are functionally linked to visceral adipose tissue foam...

I t is well established that the cardiovascular (CV) risk of obesity is more strongly associated with visceral rather than subcutaneous adiposity. Anthropometric variables that account for visceral adiposity, such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), have limited sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, there is increasing recognition of “normal weight obese” persons (ie, tho...

An epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes is linked with the increase in consumption of fructose-containing sugars, such as sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup. In mammalian cells, fructose is metabolized predominantly via phosphorylation to fructose-1 phosphate by ketohexokinase (KHK) or by alternative pathways. Here we demonstrate that a KHK-dependent pathway mediates insulin resistance and...

Increased circulating adhesion molecules in patients with obesity play an important role in the development of endothelial dysfunction/atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to assess the contribution of various fat depots to the production of adhesion molecules in obesity. 12 women with first and second degree of obesity, 13 women with third degree of obesity and 14 lean age-matched women ...

Elevated FFA concentrations have been shown to reproduce some of the metabolic abnormalities of obesity. It has been hypothesized that visceral adipose tissue lipolysis releases excess FFAs into the portal vein, exposing the liver to higher FFA concentrations. We used isotope dilution/hepatic vein catheterization techniques to examine whether intra-abdominal fat contributes a greater portion of...

Topic: Mutual association and connection study between the obesity, visceral obesity, insulin desensitation (with the conesquential hyperinsulinemia), type 2 diabetes, dyslipoproteinemia and anthropometric characteristics of the patients with the metabolic syndrom are the subject of many epidemiological studies. However, it is noticed that there are certain disagreements and contradictions in d...

Subcutaneous adipose tissue expansion through adipogenesis is increasingly recognized as a major determinant of body fat distribution and obesity-related cardiometabolic alterations. Our objective was to assess whether adipogenic rates of cultured human primary preadipocytes from the visceral and subcutaneous compartments relate to visceral obesity and cardiometabolic alterations. We recruited ...

The endocannabinoid system has been suspected to contribute to the association of visceral fat accumulation with metabolic diseases. We determined whether circulating endocannabinoids are related to visceral adipose tissue mass in lean, subcutaneous obese, and visceral obese subjects (10 men and 10 women in each group). We further measured expression of the cannabinoid type 1 (CB(1)) receptor a...

Obesity is a condition of excess body fat mass with cardiometabolic complications. The levels serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) decrease in obesity because it stored adipose tissue compartments and related to dyslipidemia conditions. A high triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio dyslipidemia. Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) one the parameters indicating central visceral distribution Thi...

BACKGROUND Obesity is linked to increased left ventricular mass, an independent predictor of mortality. As a result of this, understanding the determinants of left ventricular mass in the setting of obesity has both therapeutic and prognostic implications. Using cardiovascular magnetic resonance our goal was to elucidate the main predictors of left ventricular mass in severely obese subjects fr...