Maternal and fetal diabetes are directly associated with increased morbidity mortality risk. Along this risk, the incidence of congenital malformations in newborns also increases depending on mother’s diabetes. Vitamin K1 is used as a therapeutic protective agent various clinical conditions. For reason, it was aimed to investigate effect vitamin chick embryo hearts immunohistochemically morphol...

Purpose Primary dysmenorrhea is highly prevalent among adolescent women and a major cause of activity restriction. Standard pharmaceuticals for dysmenorrhea have side effects that may limit their use. Acupoint injection of vitamin K has been used to treat dysmenorrhea at the Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital in Shanghai, China since at least 1985. The purpose of this study was to examine feasibi...