Knowledge of how solar radiation interacts with vegetation is necessary to interpret and process remote sensing data of agricultural and many natural resources. A plant leaf typically has a low reflectance in the visible spectral region because of strong absorption by chlorophylls, a relatively high reflectance in the near-infrared because of internal leaf scattering and no absorption, and a re...

We conducted microstructural and microchemical analyses of deformation bands in a forearc fold belt consisting the Eocene Urahoro Group located northern Japan. In study area, there was one flexure (or monocline) developed where pervasively occurred arkosic sandstone intercalated with mudstone coal layers. Deformation formed at maximum burial depth c. 1.5–2.5 km; this inferred from both thicknes...

Crude oils and source rocks from the northern and offshore Niger Delta basin, Nigeria, have been characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in terms of their origin and thermal maturity based on the distribution of chrysene and its derivatives. The crude oils and source rocks were characterized by the dominance of chrysene over benzo[a]anthracene. 3-methylchrysene predominated over o...

We experimentally investigate the optical properties of layers of InP, Si, and GaP nanowires, relevant for applications in solar cells. The nanowires are strongly photonic, resulting in a significant coupling mismatch with incident light due to multiple scattering. We identify a design principle for the effective suppression of reflective losses, based on the ratio of the nondiffusive absorptio...

Abstract Aptian to Campanian sediments from the Western offshore Central Orange Basin were studied by integrating molecular geochemistry, inorganic and isotopic studies recognize their geochemical characteristics via reconstruction of basin’s paleoweathering, paleosalinity, paleovegetation, paleoclimate, tectonic records. Molecular analyses both aliphatic aromatic compounds reveal an input domi...

Recently, a pump beam size dependence of thermal conductivity was observed in Si at cryogenic temperatures using time-domain thermal reflectance (TDTR). These observations were attributed to quasiballistic phonon transport, but the interpretation of the measurements has been semi-empirical. Here we present a numerical study of the heat conduction that occurs in the full 3D geometry of a TDTR ex...

The Oligocene-Recent Red Sea rift is one of the preeminent examples lithospheric rupture in recent geological past, forming basis for many models how continental breakup occurs and progresses to formation new oceanic crust. Utilisation low-temperature thermochronology Rift since 1980s has been key constraining its spatio-temporal evolution, providing constraints propagation strain geomorphologi...

background and objective: magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is the most sensitive technique to detect multiple sclerosis (ms) plaques in central nervous system. in some cases, the patients who were suspected to ms, whereas mri images are normal, but whether patients don’t have ms plaques or mri images are not enough optimized enough in order to show ms plaques? the aim of the current study is ev...