Using a spatio-temporal dynamic state-space model with the EM algorithm to patch gaps in daily riverflow series, with examples from the Volta Basin, West Africa B. A. Amisigo and N. C. van de Giesen Center for Development Research, Bonn University, Germany Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands Received: 2 March 2005 – Accepted: 11 March 2005 – Published: 6 April 2005 Correspondence to...

Language documentation is important as a tool for preservation of endangered languages and making data available to speakers and researchers of a language. A data base such as TypeCraft is important for typology studies both for well documented languages as well as little documented languages and is a valid tool for comparison of languages. This requires that linguistic elements must be coded i...

Binary black hole spacetimes with a helical Killing vector, which are discussed as an approximation for the early stage of a binary system, are studied in a projection formalism. In this setting the four dimensional Einstein equations are equivalent to a three dimensional gravitational theory with a SL(2, C)/SO(1, 1) sigma model as the material source. The sigma model is determined by a complex...

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES To determine changes in the proportion of deliveries at health facilities and the proportion attended by health professionals after delivery fee exemption implementation. DESIGN Pre and post intervention implementation cluster-sampled household survey. SETTING Central and Volta regions of Ghana. PARTICIPANTS Women who had delivered in these regions during the fee exempt...

BACKGROUND Previous analyses of sera from a limited number of Ghanaian Buruli ulcer (BU) patients, their household contacts, individuals living in BU non-endemic regions as well as European controls have indicated that antibody responses to the M. ulcerans 18 kDa small heat shock protein (shsp) reflect exposure to this pathogen. Here, we have investigated to what extent inhabitants of regions i...

We consider the downlink of a multiuser MIMO-OFDMA system with different transmitter and receiver concepts, where subcarriers are assigned to users according to some metric. This metric describes the channel quality and the user with the highest metric at a subcarrier is allowed to transmit. The examined transmission schemes are shown to behave differently based on the chosen metric. Furthermor...

Binary black hole spacetimes with a helical Killing vector, which are discussed as an approximation for the early stage of a binary system, are studied in a projection formalism. In this setting the four dimensional Einstein equations are equivalent to a three dimensional gravitational theory with a SL(2, C)/SO(1, 1) sigma model as the material source. The sigma model is determined by a complex...

Since applying design patterns provides a foresight of the exibility and future extensibility of software, their application is expected to constructing evolutionable software. However, there have been few research on quantitative evaluation of the e ectiveness of applying design patterns to software development. In this paper, we aim to evaluate the e ectiveness of applying design patterns. Th...