Lake sediment characterization, a prerequisite for the vulnerability assessment of lake ecosystems, demands reliable in situ methods for the characterization of the sediment layer composition. A unified characterization of lake sediments within lake ecotopes (open water, open water patches within the reed, and the reed) is still a challenge. Each ecotope is covered by different classical scient...

On many volcanoes, there is evidence of a relationship between dome collapse and periods of high precipitation. We propose a mechanism for this relationship and investigate the conditions that optimize failure by this process. Observations of elongate lobes that evolve through exogenous growth of lava domes reveal that they commonly develop tensile fractures perpendicular to the direction of mo...

BACKGROUND Saline irrigations are proving to be a valuable intervention in the treatment of chronic sinusitis. The use of surfactants is a well established additive to topical treatments known to reduce surface tension and may prove to be a simple, nonoperative intervention to improve intrasinus douching penetration. METHODS Six 30-mL, flat-bottomed medicine cups with circular holes cut thro...

Dear Friends, We all are well known with a fact of benefits of novel topical drug delivery systems, namely avoidance of hepatic first-pass metabolism, thus improving drug bioavailability, decreasing dosing frequency, and improving patient compliance. Regardless of the enormous investigations in topical and transdermal drug delivery systems, still stratum corneum is known as a major obstacle whi...

Excessive harvest of corn (Zea mays L.) stover for ethanol production has raised concerns regarding negative consequences on soil physical quality. Our objective was to quantify the impact of two tillage practices and three levels of corn stover harvest on near-surface soil physical quality through the Least Limiting Water Range (LLWR). We evaluated no harvest, moderate and high stover harvest ...

      Piroxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent which has an extensive use in rheumatic disorders. Since its skin penetration is still a subject for research, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on percutaneous penetration of piroxicam gel formulation through skin. In this study, as a model, two types of 0.5% piroxicam new gels, so called red and gr...

The spreading and movement of oil slicks is strongly influenced by surface water movement. On the Gest coast, surface water movement is affected by weather systems and storms from the north Pacific, which have a high incidence of gale force winds and high seastates. It is also affected by large tidal ranges. strong tidal currents and irregular coastlines. Air and water temperatures, water salin...

The move to the cloud brings a number of new security challenges, but the application remains your last line of defense. Engineers are extremely well poised to perform tasks critical for securing the application—provided that certain key obstacles are overcome. Cloud Shifts the Burden of Security to Development